A dominant theme in neuroscience research is that of 'neuroplasticity' which usually refers to some change in the nervous system as a function of age and/or experience. A key question is whether the various forms of neuroplasticity described for different species and in different areas of the nervous system are related or if they describe completely separate processes. The present volume attempts to address this question by providing a broad survey of many of the major areas in neuroplasticity research by leading investigators in the field. The topics considered range across all levels of nervous system organization from the molecular to behavioral levels for species ranging from C. elegans to humans. In addition, the effects of development and neuropathological events are discussed. A final summary chapter synthesizes the data gathered in this volume in order to provide the basis for a general theory of neuroplasticity. Toward a Theory of Neuroplasticity represents the first attempt to bridge the vast subject area of neuroplasticity and provides an overview of the complexity and diversity of contemporary neuroplasticity research. This book will provide essential data, references and insights for both students and working scientists interested in this dynamic field.