Britain's Economic Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919

作者:Osborne, Eric W

页数:232

出版时间:2004-8

价格:$ 223.74

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780714654744

具体描述

Great Britain's economic blockade of Germany in World War I was one of the key elements to the victory of the Entente. Though Britain had been the leading exponent of blockades for two centuries, the World War I blockade was not effective at the outbreak of hostilities. Pre-war changes had led to the Admiralty supplanting the Royal Navy's leadership role in favour of direction from the civilian branch of government on the basis of international law. The struggle between the primacy of international law and military expediency lasted for nearly two years, as the British tried to reconcile their pre-war stance as champion of neutral rights with measures necessary for a successful blockade. Not until 1916 did the operation have the potential to be a decisive factor in the defeat of Germany, when pressure from France, the Royal Navy, Parliament, British popular opinion, and the Admiralty forced the British government to abandon its defence of neutral rights over the interests of the state. The arrival of the United States as an ally in April 1917 initiated the final evolution of the blockade. The Entente and the United States tightened the blockade with crushing effect on Germany, and by November 1918, it was evidently one of the chief factors behind the victory. This knowledge reinforced the decision to retain the blockade in the months following the armistice in order to force favourable terms from Germany. In both the war and in the peace, the economic blockade performed a critical role in World War I.

目录信息

Series Editor’s Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1. Foreign Policy, Naval Commitments, and the Changes
to Blockade, 1756–1904 5
2. The Culmination of Faith in International Law:
The Second Hague Conference and the
Declaration of London, 1905–11 26
3. Blockade Preparations in the Final Years of
Peace, 1911–14 44
4. Britain at War: The First Steps for Blockade in 1914 58
5. The Year of Frustration, Stalemate, and Doubt, 1915 83
6. The Blockade Strengthens, 1916 115
7. The Critical Year, 1917 153
8. The Last Year of War, and the Final Legacy of the
Blockade in the Peace, 1918–July 1919 173
9. Conclusion 193
Bibliography 195
Index 209
· · · · · · (收起)