Martin Williams

Professor Martin Williams is a world authority on climatic and environmental change at a variety of scales in space and time. He has carried out extensive fieldwork in Australia, Africa, India and China, and is author of over 200 research papers on Quaternary geology, geomorphology, climatic change and prehistoric environments in Africa, Australia and Asia (including 12 in Nature ). In May 1996 the University of Cambridge awarded him the degree of Doctor of Science (ScD) for his work on â�~geomorphology, soils and Quaternary environments in arid and semi-arid areas, with particular reference to North Africa, Australia and India'. The Royal Geographical Society had previously awarded him the Cuthbert Peek Medal for his work in the Sahara, the Sudan and Australia. His particular contribution is the reconstruction of prehistoric environments using evidence from a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from the environments occupied by early hominids in the Afar Rift of Ethiopia to Neolithic occupation sites in the Sahara and Nile valley and late Pleistocene wetlands in the arid Flinders Ranges of Australia.

刘东生（编译）

刘东生（1917年11月24日－2008年3月6日），我国著名地质学家，中国科学院院士。1942年毕业于西南联合大学（南开大学学籍）地质地理气象系，后来又旁听生物系的课程。1944年先后任中国地质工作计划指导委员会和地质部工程师，从事矿产勘探和工程地质工作。1949年南京大学生物系肄业（原中央大学）。中国科学院地质研究所研究员，曾任北京大学、南京大学、中山大学、中国科技大学研究生院，吉林大学兼职教授。1958年，他从黄土地层研究中根据黄土与古土壤的多旋回特点，发现第四纪气候冷暖交替远不止四次，发展了传统的四次冰期学说，成为全球环境变化研究的一个重大转折，奠基了环境变化的“多旋回学说”。