1. Studying the Nervous Systems of Humans and Other Animals 1
UNIT I NEURAL SIGNALING
2. Electrical Signals of Nerve Cells 31
3. Voltage-Dependent Membrane Permeability 47
4. Channels and Transporters 69
5. Synaptic Transmission 93
6. Neurotransmitters, Receptors, and Their Effects 129
7. Molecular Signaling within Neurons 165
UNIT II SENSATION AND SENSORY PROCESSING
8. The Somatic Sensory System 189
9. Pain 209
10. Vision: The Eye 229
11.Central Visual Pathways 259
12. The Auditory System 283
13. The Vestibular System 315
14. The Chemical Senses 337
UNIT III MOVEMENT AND ITS CENTRAL CONTROL
15. Lower Motor Neuron Circuits and Motor Control 371
16. Upper Motor Neuron Control of the Brainstem and Spinal Cord 393
17. Modulation of Movement by the Basal Ganglia 417
18. Modulation of Movement by the Cerebellum 435
19. Eye Movements and Sensory Motor Integration 453
20. The Visceral Motor System 469
UNIT IV THE CHANGING BRAIN
21. Early Brain Development 501
22. Construction of Neural Circuits 521
23. Modification of Brain Circuits as a Result of Experience 557
24. Plasticity of Mature Synapses and Circuits 575
UNIT V COMPLEX BRAIN FUNCTIONS
25. The Association Cortices 613
26. Language and Speech 637
27. Sleep and Wakefulness 659
28. Emotions 687
29. Sex, Sexuality, and the Brain 711
30. Memory 733
APPENDIX A THE BRAINSTEM AND CRANIAL NERVES 755
APPENDIX B VASCULAR SUPPLY, THE MENINGES, AND THE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM 763
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