英國作傢兼演員的貝波姆(Max Beerbohm)擅長模仿知名作傢的風格，並且也是著名的諷刺畫傢。他可說是20世紀最具破壞性的模仿嘲弄者之一。

* * * 關於CAMP* * *

桑塔格(S. Sontag)在1964年的《“敢曝”劄記》(“Notes on ‘Camp’”)中寫道，“世界上的許多事物都還沒有名稱。許多事物即使有名稱，也從來沒有給人描述，其中之一便是那個在圈子裏被稱作為camp的感受;camp無疑是現代的，是一種並非完全老於世故的老於世故。”

敢曝這個“圈子內用語”到底從何而來有幾種不同的說法，一種說法是它來自法語se camper，原意是“大膽展示自己”，另一種說法是它來自紐約市警察局使用的KAMP這個縮寫，原意是Known as Male Prostitute(已入檔的男妓)。華語界將camp譯成“敢曝”看來是取第一種意思，是兼有音、意效果的翻譯，故在此用之。〔注:Camp 一語有彆種翻譯法。例如，陳冠中主張按顧愛彬、李瑞華、程巍等的音譯，把 camp譯為“坎普”。但他也指齣，“坎普”這詞，給中文用者很大的睏擾。創意的譯法有田曉菲的“矯揉造作”、瀋語冰的“好玩傢”、董鼎山的“媚俗”(可能是藉“坎普”與“刻奇”的近親關係)、王德威的“假仙”(颱灣用語，指行為上的假裝)，但都隻突顯瞭“坎普”某些特性而最終未能達意。見陳冠中：《坎普·垃圾·刻奇——給受瞭過多人文教育的人》， 《萬象》第二捲，第4期， 2004年.〕

camp一詞最早齣現在威爾(R. J. Ware)編撰的《維多利亞時期的過眼英語》((Passing English of the Victorian Era [1909])。二十世紀俚語詞典中的camp意指“誇張強調的行為和舉止，主要用於那些特彆缺乏個人性格者，”它逐漸成為演藝圈、精英圈、時尚人士和娛樂行業圈內人士的俚語。

1920年代以後，精英文化圈中有人用camp來指稱某些作傢的文學風格，如，Oscar Wilde、Max Beerbohm、Ronald Firbank、Carl Van Vechten，他們的文學風格和寫法都有唯美主義、貴族化冷峻、反諷、戲劇化的小題大作、戲仿、優美柔弱等特點。

Zuleika Dobson is a highly accomplished and superbly written book whose spirit is farcical," said E. M. Forster. "It is a great work--the most consistent achievement of fantasy in our time . . .

so funny and charming, so iridescent yet so profound."

   Originally published in 1911, Max Beerbohm's sparklingly wicked satire concerns the unlikely events that occur when a femme fatale briefly enters the supremely privileged, all-male domain of Judas Col-

lege, Oxford. A conjurer by profession, Zuleika Dobson can only love a man who is impervious to her considerable charms: a circumstance that proves fatal, as any number of love-smitten suitors are driven to suicide by the damsel's rejection. Laced with memorable one-liners ("Death cancels all engagements," utters the first casualty) and inspired throughout by Beerbohm's rococo imagination, this lyrical evocation of Edwardian undergraduate life at Oxford has, according to Forster, "a beauty unattainable by serious literature."

   "I read Zuleika Dobson with pleasure," recalled Bertrand Russell. "It represents the Oxford that the two World Wars have destroyed with a charm that is not likely to be reproduced anywhere in the world for the next thousand years."