Hitler and the Germans

出版者:University of Missouri Press

作者:Eric Voegelin

页数:296

译者:Brendan M. Purcell

出版时间:1999-7-31

价格:GBP 41.02

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780826212160

具体描述

Between 1933 and 1938, Eric Voegelin published four books that brought him into increasingly open opposition to the Hitler regime in Germany. As a result, he was forced to leave Austria in 1938, narrowly escaping arrest by the Gestapo as he fled to Switzerland and later to the United States. Twenty years later, he was invited to Munich to become Director of the new Institute of Political Science at Ludwig-Maximilian University.

In 1964, Voegelin gave a series of memorable lectures on what he considered "the central German experiential problem" of his time: Adolf Hitler's rise to power, the reasons for it, and its consequences for post-Nazi Germany. For Voegelin, these questions demanded a scrutiny of the mentality of individual Germans and of the order of German society during and after the Nazi period. Hitler and the Germans, published here for the first time, offers Voegelin's most extensive and detailed critique of the Hitler era.

Voegelin interprets this era in terms of the basic diagnostic tools provided by the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, Judeo-Christian culture, and contemporary German-language writers like Heimito von Doderer, Karl Kraus, Thomas Mann, and Robert Musil. Responding to publications on National Socialist Germany, Voegelin discusses the historian Percy Schramm's "Anatomy of a Dictator," along with studies of the churches and the legal profession. His inquiry uncovers a historiography that was substantially unhistoric: a German Evangelical Church that misinterpreted the Gospel, a German Catholic Church that denied universal humanity, and a legal process enmeshed in criminal homicide.

While most of the lectures deal with what Voegelin called his "descent into the depths" of the moral and spiritual abyss of Nazism and its aftermath, they also point toward a restoration of order. His lecture "The Greatness of Max Weber" shows how Weber, while affected by the culture within which Hitler came into power, has already gone beyond it through his anguished recovery of the experience of transcendence.

Hitler and the Germans provides a profound alternative approach to the topic of the individual German's entanglement in the Hitler regime and its continuing implications. This comprehensive reading of the Nazi period has yet to be matched.

作者简介

About the Author

Eric Voegelin (1901-1985) was one of the most original and influential philosophers of our time. Born in Cologne, Germany, he studied at the University of Vienna, where he became a professor of political science in the Faculty of Law. In 1938, he and his wife, fleeing Hitler, emigrated to the United States. They became American citizens in 1944. Voegelin spent much of his career at Louisiana State University, the University of Munich, and the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. During his lifetime he published many books and more than one hundred articles. The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin will make available in a uniform edition all of Voegelin's major writings.

About the Editors

Detlev Clemens is Assistant Professor at the Institute of Political Science, Friedrich-Alexander University at Erlangen-Nuremberg. He is the author of Herr Hitler in Germany: Wahrnehmungen und Deutungen des Nationalsozialismus in Grobritannien, 1920- 1939.

Brendan Purcell is Lecturer in Philosophy at University College in Dublin. He is the author of The Drama of Humanity: Towards a Philosophy of Humanity in History.

目录信息

Editor's Introductions
Eric Voegelin's "Hitler and the Germans" Lectures in the Context of the Germans' Treatment of Their Nazi Past-- Detlev Clemens 1
The Philosophical Context of the "Hitler and the Germans" Lectures-- Brendan Purcell 21
Editors' Note 41
Part I. Descent into the Abyss
1. Introduction
(First Lecture 51) 51
2. Development of Disagnostic Tools
(Second Lecture 74)
(Third Lecture 96) 70
3. Descent into the Academic Abyss as Manifested by Schramm's "Anatomy of a Dictator"
(Fourth Lecture 123)
(Fifth Lecture 147) 110
4. Descent into the Ecclesiastical Abyss: The Evangelical Church
(Sixth Lecture 170) 155
5. Descent into the Ecclesiastical Abyss: The Catholic Church
(Seventh Lecture 184)
(Eighth Lecture 204) 184
6. Descent into the Legal Abyss
(Ninth Lecture 222) 213
Part II. Toward a Restoration of Order
7. First and Second Reality in Ancient, Post-medieval, and Modern Times of Crisis
(Tenth Lecture 251) 239
8. The Greatness of Max Weber
(Eleventh Lecture 257) 257
Index 275
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

沃林格，被翻译谋杀了，意思是懂了，话说的拧巴，得反腐看几遍才能明白看，这种书最好不要让年轻人翻译，隔了一层。

谈“人性是如何泯灭的”，意味着承认存在人性，知道何谓人性，确认人性泯灭过或泯灭着，再或者，已泯灭。最后可谈的，才是“人性是如何泯灭的”。 从小受马克思主义唯物观教育的人，也承认人性，不过他们所谓人性约等于动物性，外加上可供科学剖析的心理。换言之，不单是“食...  

谈“人性是如何泯灭的”，意味着承认存在人性，知道何谓人性，确认人性泯灭过或泯灭着，再或者，已泯灭。最后可谈的，才是“人性是如何泯灭的”。 从小受马克思主义唯物观教育的人，也承认人性，不过他们所谓人性约等于动物性，外加上可供科学剖析的心理。换言之，不单是“食...  

谈“人性是如何泯灭的”，意味着承认存在人性，知道何谓人性，确认人性泯灭过或泯灭着，再或者，已泯灭。最后可谈的，才是“人性是如何泯灭的”。 从小受马克思主义唯物观教育的人，也承认人性，不过他们所谓人性约等于动物性，外加上可供科学剖析的心理。换言之，不单是“食...  

用户评价

这本书的结构编排堪称教科书级别的典范，它巧妙地避开了历史写作中常见的叙事陷阱，比如过度依赖官方文件或者陷入纯粹的意识形态辩论。作者似乎拥有将复杂史料提炼为清晰、有逻辑脉络的能力。每一章节的过渡都极其自然，如同音乐的乐章转换，恰到好处地将读者的注意力从一个关键历史节点导向另一个更深层次的议题。我特别欣赏它对信息密度的处理，它塞满了大量翔实的数据和鲜为人知的事实，但阅读过程却丝毫没有感到冗余或信息过载。相反，这些信息如同精准的棋子，被安放在最合适的位置，共同推演出作者想要揭示的观点。这种行文的张力感十足，让人在阅读中不断产生“原来如此”的顿悟感。它不是在简单地罗列史实，而是在构建一个严密的论证体系，每一步都走得踏实而有力，极大地提升了阅读的智力享受。

从一个完全非专业读者的角度来看，这本书最成功之处在于它的“可及性”和对“普遍性”主题的探讨。它成功地将一个看似遥远和特定的历史事件，转化为了关于权力、宣传、以及社会记忆的普世寓言。作者构建的逻辑链条非常清晰，即便你对欧洲现代史不太熟悉，也能轻松跟上其论述的步伐。它不是那种需要大量前置知识才能入门的书籍，它似乎在主动邀请所有对人类社会运作机制感兴趣的人参与到这场思考中来。读完之后，我发现自己不仅对那个特定时代有了更清晰的认识，更重要的是，开始反思我们当下所处的社会语境中，那些看似无害的社会建构是如何运作的。这种能够引发跨时代、跨文化思考的深度，是真正伟大的历史作品所具备的标志。

这本书的叙事风格简直让人欲罢不能，它没有采用那种枯燥的编年史记录方式，而是像一部精心打磨的悬疑小说，层层剥开历史的迷雾。作者对于人物心理的刻画入木三分，特别是对于社会大众在面对极端思潮时的那种微妙的集体无意识，描绘得淋漓尽致。我尤其欣赏作者对细节的把控，那些看似不经意的生活片段，实际上都是构建起那个宏大历史背景的基石。例如，对于战前民众日常消费习惯的侧写，或是对特定城市街道景象的复原，都展现出一种罕见的、近乎田野调查式的严谨。读起来，我仿佛能闻到那个时代空气中弥漫的焦躁与狂热，更能感受到个体在时代洪流面前的无力和挣扎。这种将宏大叙事与微观体验完美结合的写作手法，使得即便是对于那个时期已经有所了解的读者，也能从中发现全新的解读维度。它不只是在讲述“发生了什么”，更是在探究“为什么会发生”，以及“人们是如何接受这一切的”。这种深度挖掘，远超出了我阅读同类历史著作时的预期，可以说是一次非常成功的阅读体验。

这本书的语言风格带着一种独特的、近乎文学性的疏离感，却又在关键时刻爆发出强大的情感穿透力。它并非那种一板一眼的学术论述，而是充满了富有感染力的描绘。作者似乎深谙节奏的拿捏之道，在详尽的史料描述之后，常常会穿插一两句简洁有力、直击人心的总结性论断。这种语言上的张弛有度，使得长时间的阅读也不会产生疲劳感。更令人印象深刻的是，作者在引用一手资料时，保留了原始文本的语感和语气，这使得那些陈旧的记录瞬间鲜活了起来，仿佛跨越时空与我们对话。对于任何一个醉心于文字艺术的读者而言，这本书的文本质量本身就是一种享受，它证明了严谨的历史研究与卓越的文学表达可以完美地共存。

老实说，我带着一种审慎的态度去阅读这类主题的作品，因为太多著作往往沦为道德审判或简单化标签的产物。然而，这本书的价值在于它呈现出一种令人不安却又无比真实的“灰色地带”。作者没有急于对历史人物做出二元化的评价，而是着力于剖析环境如何塑形个体，以及权力机制是如何利用既有的社会心理结构来滋养自身。书中对于社会心理学视角的运用，是我最为赞赏的一点。它探讨了恐惧、希望、排他性、以及被赋予的“使命感”如何交织在一起，形成一股强大的社会动能。这种不带偏见的、近乎冷峻的分析，让读者被迫直面历史的复杂性，而不是简单地将所有责任推卸给某一个“恶人”。这种对人性幽微之处的洞察，赋予了这本书超越普通历史读物的深刻意义。