Preface
Acknowledgments
Symbols and abbreviations
1 What is markedness?
1.1 Aims
1.2 Challenges for markedness
1.3 Solutions
1.4 Implications and diagnostics
1.5 Markedness: an outline
2 Theory
2.1 Aims
2.2 Markedness hierarchies
2.3 Theory and formalism
2.4 Discovering hierarchies
2.5 Summary
3 Markedness reduction
3.1 The visibility of markedness reduction
3.2 Consonant epenthesis
3.3 The output of neutralization
3.4 Methodology and exceptions
3.5 Conclusions
4 Preservation of the Marked
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Neutralization and inventories
4.3 Undergoers of assimilation
4.4 The form of faithfulness constraints
4.5 Summary: overt and covert markedness
5 Conflation in reduction
5.1 Introduction
5.2 PoA conflation
5.3 Conflation prevention and vowel sonority
5.4 Alternatives
5.5 Summary
6 Markedness conflation in preservation
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Preservation conflation in Swedish voicing
6.3 Preservation conflation in Pali coalescence
6.4 Domain faithfulness and the majority rules problem
6.5 Summary
7 Markedness conflict: vowels
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Vowel epenthesis
7.3 Vowel inventories and neutralization
7.4 Prosodification
7.5 Summary
8 Predictions and alternatives
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Predictions
8.3 Markedness exists
8.4 Representational complexity is not markedness
8.5 Non-contrastive markedness
8.6 Markedness is absolute
8.7 Markedness is expressed in both output and preservation constraints
8.8 Conclusions
9 Conclusions
9.1 Markedness
9.2 Markedness in the future
References
Subject index
Language index
· · · · · · (收起)