Late Ottoman Society 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

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When the Ottomans commenced their modernizing reforms in the 1830s, they still ruled over a vast empire. In addition to today's Turkey, including Anatolia and Thrace, their power reached over Mesopotamia, North Africa, the Levant, the Balkans, and the Caucasus. The Sultanate was at the apex of a truly multi-ethnic society. Modernisation not only brought about market principles to the economy and more complex administrative controls as part of state power, but also new educational institutions as well as new ideologies. Thus new ideologies developed and nationalism emerged, which became a political reality when the Empire reached its end. This book compares the different intellectual atmospheres between the pre-republican and the republican periods and identifies the roots of republican authoritarianism in the intellectual heritage of the earlier period.

Late Ottoman Society 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

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發表於2024-12-24

Late Ottoman Society 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

Late Ottoman Society 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

Late Ottoman Society 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

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圖書標籤: 社會學/人類學  奧斯曼   

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