Speciesism

出版者:Rudolf Steiner Pr

作者:Dunayer, Joan

页数:208

出版时间:2004-6

价格:$ 21.41

装帧:Pap

isbn号码:9780970647566

具体描述

Defining speciesism as "a failure, in attitude or practice, to accord any nonhuman being equal consideration and respect," this brilliant work critiques speciesism both outside and within the animal rights movement. The author demonstrates that much of the moral philosophy, legal theory, and animal advocacy aimed at advancing nonhuman emancipation actually perpetuate speciesism. Speciesism examines philosophy, law, and activism in terms of three categories: "old speciesism," "new speciesism," and species equality.Old-speciesists limit rights to humans. Speciesism refutes their standard arguments against nonhuman rights. Current law is old-speciesist -- legally, nonhumans have no rights. Dunayer shows that "animal laws" such as the Humane Slaughter Act afford nonhumans no meaningful protection. She also explains why welfarist campaigns are old-speciesist. Instead of opposing the abuse or killing of nonhuman beings, such campaigns seek only to make abuse or killing less cruel; they propose alternative ways of violating nonhumans' moral rights. Many organizations that consider themselves animal rights advocates engage in old-speciesist campaigns, which reinforce the property status of nonhumans rather than promoting their emancipation.New-speciesists espouse rights for only some nonhumans, those whose minds seem most like those of humans. In addition to devaluing most animals, new-speciesists give greater moral consideration and stronger basic rights to humans than they do to any nonhumans. They see animalkind as a hierarchy, with humans at the top. Dunayer explains why she categorizes such theorists as Peter Singer, Tom Regan, and Steven Wise as new-speciesists.Nonspeciesists advocaterights for every sentient being. Speciesism makes the case that every creature with a nervous system should be regarded as sentient. The book provides compelling evidence of consciousness in animals often dismissed as insentient -- such as fishes, insects, spiders, and snails. Dunayer argues that every sentient being should possess basic legal rights, including rights to life and liberty. Radically egalitarian, Speciesism envisions nonspeciesist thought, law, and action.

用户评价

这本书的叙事结构实在是太精巧了，每一个章节的转折都像精心布局的棋局，让人忍不住一口气读完。作者对于人物心理的刻画入木三分，尤其是主角在面对道德困境时的挣扎与抉择，那种细腻的情感变化，仿佛能透过文字触摸到角色的灵魂。我尤其欣赏作者对于环境描写的运用，那些详尽的细节，不仅烘托了氛围，更像是无声地诉说着故事的底色，让整个阅读体验变得立体而丰满。它不是那种直白的说教，而是通过层层递进的情节，引导读者去思考那些宏大而又触及日常的议题。读完之后，那种回味无穷的感觉非常强烈，不是因为情节多么跌宕起伏，而是因为那些潜藏在字里行间的哲学思辨，让人久久不能平静。这本书的文字功底扎实，句式多变，读起来有一种酣畅淋漓的畅快感，绝非一般流水账式的叙事可以比拟。

这本书的文采简直可以称得上是文学史上的一个惊喜。它不像某些严肃作品那样故作高深，而是用一种近乎诗意的语言，将科学事实与人文关怀完美地融合在一起。我尤其赞叹作者对于时间跨度的处理，能够将漫长历史中的演变和个体生命中的瞬间痛苦交织呈现，形成一种震撼人心的对比。书中的某些段落，我甚至需要停下来反复阅读，不仅仅是因为文字的优美，更是因为它触及了人类集体意识中那些最深层、最不愿面对的盲点。它像一面镜子，映照出我们在定义“我们”和“他们”时所付出的道德代价。这种力量是巨大的，它不只是提供信息，更是激发一种根本性的改变动力。

这本书最让我惊艳的是其对非人生命的观察角度，完全颠覆了我以往的认知框架。作者没有采取那种夸张或煽情的手法，而是用一种近乎冷静的、科学观察者的笔触，去解构我们习以为常的偏见。书中对于不同物种间社会结构和情感表达的细腻描摹，简直令人叹为观止，仿佛打开了一扇通往全新世界的窗户。我特别喜欢作者在处理伦理冲突时所展现出的那种克制和深度，没有简单地给出对错，而是将问题的复杂性摊开在读者面前，迫使我们进行自我审视。这种智力上的挑战，使得阅读过程充满了发现的乐趣。而且，这本书的排版和设计也十分用心，每一个符号、每一处留白，似乎都在为故事营造一种特定的节奏感，使得阅读本身也成为了一种艺术享受。

说实话，我一开始对这种主题的书有些抗拒，总觉得会过于沉重或晦涩难懂。然而，这本书的语言风格却出乎意料地流畅和富有张力。它巧妙地将严肃的探讨融入到引人入胜的故事线中，使得即使是对相关议题不甚了解的读者，也能轻松跟上节奏。作者构建的世界观宏大却不失细节，人物的行为逻辑清晰可循，即使是配角的命运，也被赋予了足够的厚度，让人真切地感受到每一个生命个体的价值。那种由内而外散发出的对“边界”的质疑和反思，是通过一系列精彩的对话和戏剧性的冲突来完成的，而非空泛的说教。读完后，我感觉自己的同理心被极大地拓宽了，看待周遭事物的角度也变得更加包容和多元。

坦率地说，这本书的阅读门槛并不低，但它的回报率却是惊人的。作者没有回避任何一个棘手的伦理难题，而是直面其中的矛盾与悖论，并用极其清晰的逻辑为我们铺设了一条探索之路。我欣赏它那种近乎偏执的求真精神，每一个论点背后都有扎实的论据支撑，让人无法轻易反驳。更妙的是，它并非枯燥的学术论述，而是通过充满想象力的场景和富有张力的场景设计，让这些理论变得鲜活可感。比如书中描述的那几次关键的“相遇”，那种紧张和期待感，让读者完全代入了角色，深刻体会到打破既有观念时所带来的震撼。这是一本需要沉下心来细细品味的佳作，它带来的思考远比合上书本后留下的故事更持久。