Introduction
1. Studying Parliamentary Opposition in Old and New Democracies: Issues and Perspectives Ludger Helms
Part I: Parliamentary Opposition in Old Democracies
2. Parliamentary Opposition in Westminster Democracies: Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand Andre Kaiser
3. Parliamentary Opposition under Minority Parliamentarism: Scandinavia Flemming Juul Christiansen and Erik Damgaard
4. Parliamentary Opposition in Post-Consocational Democracies: Austria, Belgium and the Netherlands Rudy B. Andeweg, Lieven De Winter and Wolfgang C. Muller
5. Parliamentary Opposition under (Post-)One-Party Rule: Japan Takashi Inoguchi
Part II: Parliamentary Opposition in New Democracies
6. Parliamentary Opposition in Post-Communist Democracies: Power of the Powerless Petr Kopecky and Maria Spirova 、
7. Parliamentary Opposition in Non-Parliamentary Regimes: Latin America Scott Morgenstern, Juan Javier Negri and Anibal Perez-Linan
8. Parliamentary Opposition after Apartheid: South Africa Robert A. Schrire
9. Parliamentary Opposition and its Alternatives in a Transnational Regime: The European Union in Perspective Ludger Helms
Conclusion
10. Making Sense of Opposition Philip Norton
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