Early in his career, Adolf Hitler took inspiration from Benito Mussolini, his senior colleague in fascism―this fact is widely known. But an equally important role model for Hitler and the Nazis has been almost entirely neglected: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey. Stefan Ihrig’s compelling presentation of this untold story promises to rewrite our understanding of the roots of Nazi ideology and strategy.
Hitler was deeply interested in Turkish affairs after 1919. He not only admired but also sought to imitate Atatürk’s radical construction of a new nation from the ashes of defeat in World War I. Hitler and the Nazis watched closely as Atatürk defied the Western powers to seize government, and they modeled the Munich Putsch to a large degree on Atatürk’s rebellion in Ankara. Hitler later remarked that in the political aftermath of the Great War, Atatürk was his master, he and Mussolini his students.
This was no fading fascination. As the Nazis struggled through the 1920s, Atatürk remained Hitler’s “star in the darkness,” his inspiration for remaking Germany along nationalist, secular, totalitarian, and ethnically exclusive lines. Nor did it escape Hitler’s notice how ruthlessly Turkish governments had dealt with Armenian and Greek minorities, whom influential Nazis directly compared with German Jews. The New Turkey, or at least those aspects of it that the Nazis chose to see, became a model for Hitler’s plans and dreams in the years leading up to the invasion of Poland.
發表於2024-11-08
Atatürk in the Nazi Imagination 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載
圖書標籤: 納粹 德國史 奧斯曼帝國 土耳其
納粹大概欣賞凱末爾這麼幾個方麵:1.對凡爾賽體係(英法)的反抗。2.對少數族裔的強力清洗。3.元首製度(凱末爾經常被稱為“土耳其元首”)4.民族建設/復興。5.英雄史觀的呈現(戰間期有“人民史觀”和“英雄史觀”的爭論,凱末爾是“英雄史觀”的論據。7.對非民族元素的清洗(少數族裔,語言淨化,貶斥“阿拉伯宗教”)
評分納粹大概欣賞凱末爾這麼幾個方麵:1.對凡爾賽體係(英法)的反抗。2.對少數族裔的強力清洗。3.元首製度(凱末爾經常被稱為“土耳其元首”)4.民族建設/復興。5.英雄史觀的呈現(戰間期有“人民史觀”和“英雄史觀”的爭論,凱末爾是“英雄史觀”的論據。7.對非民族元素的清洗(少數族裔,語言淨化,貶斥“阿拉伯宗教”)
評分納粹大概欣賞凱末爾這麼幾個方麵:1.對凡爾賽體係(英法)的反抗。2.對少數族裔的強力清洗。3.元首製度(凱末爾經常被稱為“土耳其元首”)4.民族建設/復興。5.英雄史觀的呈現(戰間期有“人民史觀”和“英雄史觀”的爭論,凱末爾是“英雄史觀”的論據。7.對非民族元素的清洗(少數族裔,語言淨化,貶斥“阿拉伯宗教”)
評分納粹大概欣賞凱末爾這麼幾個方麵:1.對凡爾賽體係(英法)的反抗。2.對少數族裔的強力清洗。3.元首製度(凱末爾經常被稱為“土耳其元首”)4.民族建設/復興。5.英雄史觀的呈現(戰間期有“人民史觀”和“英雄史觀”的爭論,凱末爾是“英雄史觀”的論據。7.對非民族元素的清洗(少數族裔,語言淨化,貶斥“阿拉伯宗教”)
評分納粹大概欣賞凱末爾這麼幾個方麵:1.對凡爾賽體係(英法)的反抗。2.對少數族裔的強力清洗。3.元首製度(凱末爾經常被稱為“土耳其元首”)4.民族建設/復興。5.英雄史觀的呈現(戰間期有“人民史觀”和“英雄史觀”的爭論,凱末爾是“英雄史觀”的論據。7.對非民族元素的清洗(少數族裔,語言淨化,貶斥“阿拉伯宗教”)
Atatürk in the Nazi Imagination 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載