Ecology and Field Biology

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出版者:Benjamin Cummings
作者:Robert L. Smith
出品人:
页数:720
译者:
出版时间:2001-12-7
价格:USD 176.40
装帧:Hardcover
isbn号码:9780321068811
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • and
  • Field
  • Ecology
  • Biology
  • 生态学
  • 野外生物学
  • 生物学
  • 环境科学
  • 生态系统
  • 生物多样性
  • 田野调查
  • 自然科学
  • 动植物生态
  • 保护生物学
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具体描述

This book presents a comprehensive overview of all aspects of ecology, including evolution, ecosystems theory, practical applications, plants, animals, biogeochemical cycles, and global change. This balanced approach has made "Ecology and Field Biology," Sixth Edition"" the best-selling ecology book on the market. The field package also includes "The Ecology Action Guide," a guide that encourages readers to be environmentally responsible citizens, and a subscription to The Ecology Place (www.ecologyplace.com), a web site and CD-ROM that enables users to become virtual field ecologists by performing experiments such as estimating the number of mice on an imaginary island or restoring prairie land in Iowa. For college instructors and students.

好的,这是一份关于另一本假设的图书的详细简介,该书的书名可能为《地球生态系统:过程、管理与未来》。 --- 图书名称:《地球生态系统:过程、管理与未来》 作者: 维多利亚·汉森 博士 / 詹姆斯·奥康纳 博士 出版社: 蓝山学术出版社 页数: 约 850 页 插图与图表: 超过 300 幅全彩插图、地图与数据图表 核心内容概述: 《地球生态系统:过程、管理与未来》是一本全面而深入的教科书,旨在为读者提供理解当代地球生态系统复杂性的框架。本书超越了基础的物种相互作用描述,深入探讨了驱动全球生物圈运作的宏观过程,包括能量流动、物质循环、气候反馈机制,以及人类活动对这些系统的深远影响。本书特别强调了生态学理论在实际资源管理、环境保护和可持续发展策略中的应用。 本书的结构设计旨在引导读者从地球系统的基础构建模块(如生物地球化学循环)出发,逐步理解更复杂的生态现象(如生物多样性热点、生态系统服务评估),并最终聚焦于当前面临的全球性挑战(如气候变化、生物入侵和栖息地丧失)。 第一部分:生态学基础与地球系统的构建模块 (Foundations and Building Blocks) 本部分奠定了理解复杂生态系统的理论基础。 第一章:生态学视野的拓展 本章首先回顾了生态学的历史发展,并明确了“系统”的视角在现代生态学中的核心地位。我们探讨了生态系统边界的模糊性、尺度效应(从微观到宏观)以及跨学科整合的重要性。本章着重阐述了能量作为生态系统驱动力的核心地位,区分了初级生产力与次级生产力,并引入了生物地球化学循环(碳、氮、磷)的概念框架,强调这些循环如何与气候系统紧密耦合。 第二章:气候、地理与生物群落的形成 深入分析了全球气候模式(如科彭气候分类法)如何塑造主要的陆地生物群落。本章详细讨论了温度、降水、光照和土壤特性对植物群落结构和演替过程的决定性影响。此外,还引入了地形学和水文过程对区域生态系统异质性的塑造作用,特别是山地生态系统和海岸带生态系统的独特性。 第三章:群落生态学的动态平衡 本部分聚焦于群落内部的相互作用。详细分析了竞争、捕食、传导和共生关系对物种丰富度和群落结构的影响。本章特别关注了物种相互作用的网络分析,包括食物网的拓扑结构、相互依赖性以及关键物种(Keystone Species)在维持生态系统功能中的作用。对群落演替理论(如早期/晚期演替群落的差异)进行了批判性回顾。 第二部分:生态系统过程与功能 (Ecosystem Processes and Functions) 本部分深入研究了生态系统如何执行其核心功能,并量化这些过程。 第四章:物质循环的深入剖析 本章详细探讨了碳、水和氮循环在不同生态系统中的具体路径和速率。针对森林、湿地和海洋生态系统,分别分析了微生物活动、分解速率和营养物质的生物有效性。重点讨论了人为干扰(如化肥使用、化石燃料燃烧)如何改变这些自然循环的速率和平衡,并探讨了温室气体通量(如甲烷和氧化亚氮)的生态学来源与反馈机制。 第五章:生产力与生态系统服务评估 本章致力于量化生态系统的产出。通过实例分析了遥感数据在估算全球初级生产力中的应用。更重要的是,本书引入了生态系统服务(Ecosystem Services)的概念框架,详细分类和评估了供给服务(如食物、水)、调节服务(如气候调节、洪水控制)和文化服务。本章提供了评估这些服务的定量方法(如成本效益分析和隐性价值评估)。 第六章:水文生态学与湿地系统 本章专门探讨水在生态系统中的关键作用。分析了流域尺度的水文过程,包括蒸散发、地表径流和地下水补给。湿地生态系统被作为案例深入研究,重点关注其在水质净化、碳储存和作为生物多样性保护区中的独特功能。本章探讨了人为的水资源管理(如水坝建设、灌溉)对河流和湿地生态系统的连锁反应。 第三部分:人类驱动的变革与全球挑战 (Human-Driven Change and Global Challenges) 本部分是本书的重点,关注当前生态系统面临的紧迫问题,并探索可持续的解决方案。 第七章:生物多样性:模式、机制与丧失 本章从全球尺度考察了生物多样性的地理分布格局,并探讨了驱动这些格局的演化和生态学机制。深入分析了生物多样性丧失的驱动因素,区分了直接驱动因素(栖息地破碎化、过度开发)和间接驱动因素(气候变化、污染)。本章详细介绍了保护生物学的核心概念,包括最小可行种群规模(MVP)和保护优先级的设定。 第八章:气候变化生态学:响应与适应 本章将气候科学与生态学紧密结合。探讨了生物体对温度和降水变化的生理、行为和分布响应。详细分析了物种迁移、物候学变化(Phenology Shifts)以及生态系统生产力对气候变暖的反馈机制。本章也关注了极端天气事件(如热浪、干旱)对生态系统稳定性和恢复力的冲击。 第九章:入侵物种的生态后果 本章系统地研究了外来物种的引入、定殖和扩散过程。通过多个案例(包括植物、动物和病原体),分析了入侵物种如何通过改变营养物质循环、捕食压力或栖息地结构来重塑受威胁的本土生态系统。本章讨论了基于生态风险评估的预防和控制策略。 第十章:生态系统恢复与可持续性路径 本书的结论部分着眼于未来。本章详细介绍了生态系统恢复科学的原理和实践,包括自然再生、辅助恢复和生态工程技术。重点探讨了景观生态学在规划生态廊道和减少破碎化影响中的应用。最后,本书将生态学原理与社会经济目标相结合,探讨了基于自然的解决方案(NbS)和生态系统服务支付(PES)等前沿的可持续管理模式。 本书特色: 案例驱动学习: 每个章节都包含多个来自全球不同地理区域的深入案例研究,将抽象理论与真实世界的情境紧密结合。 数据与模型整合: 强调定量分析,涵盖了统计分析、时间序列数据处理和生态系统建模(如 GIS 和遥感在生态分析中的应用)。 批判性思考提示: 章节末尾设置了“前沿挑战”部分,鼓励读者对现有理论的局限性进行批判性评估。 跨学科视野: 强调生态学与地质学、大气科学、社会经济学和政策制定之间的联系。 目标读者: 本书适合高等院校生态学、环境科学、地理学、资源管理、生物学以及可持续发展等专业的高年级本科生和研究生使用,也是研究人员和环境政策制定者的重要参考书。

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当我拿到《Ecology and Field Biology》这本书时,我就被它所蕴含的那种探索精神深深吸引。它不仅仅是一本教科书,更像是一本探险日志,记录着生物学家们在野外不懈探索的足迹。我一直对那些能够揭示自然界深层秘密的科学著作充满敬意,而这本书的名字就预示着它将带我进入一个充满未知和惊喜的领域。我非常好奇书中会详细介绍哪些具体的田野调查方法,例如如何设置和使用各种陷阱来捕捉小型哺乳动物,如何进行鸟类的鸣声识别和迁徙路线追踪,又或者如何运用相机陷阱来研究那些隐秘的野生动物。这些细致入微的研究方法,在我看来,本身就是一种对自然界的热爱和尊重。我希望这本书能教会我如何像一位真正的生物学家一样去观察和思考,如何从细微之处发现生命的规律。我渴望了解那些在极端环境下工作的科学家的故事,他们如何克服困难,如何在挑战中坚持不懈,最终为我们揭示自然的奥秘。这本书给了我一个机会,去体验那种亲身接触、深入研究的乐趣,去感受科学探索的魅力。

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这本书的封面设计就给我留下了一种沉静而又充满力量的印象,仿佛将整个野外的生态气息都浓缩其中。我一直相信,真正的科学教育不应该仅仅局限于课堂和实验室,而更应该鼓励人们走向自然,去亲身感受和体验。这本书的标题——“Ecology and Field Biology”,恰恰点出了这一点,它暗示了一种与环境的直接对话,一种通过实地考察来认识世界的途径。我非常好奇书中会详细介绍哪些野外研究的方法和技术,例如如何进行物种的鉴定和计数,如何采集土壤和水样并分析其成分,又或是如何使用各种仪器来监测环境参数。想象一下,那些在崎岖山地、湿润雨林、甚至广阔草原上进行研究的生物学家们,他们是如何克服各种困难,不畏艰辛,只为捕捉到最真实、最原始的生态信息。我对此感到由衷的敬佩。这本书似乎提供了一个绝佳的窗口,让我得以一窥这些 fieldwork 的日常,了解那些在实验室里看不见的、发生在真实世界中的科学探索。我希望能从这本书中学习到如何更细致地观察身边的事物,如何提炼出有价值的信息,甚至能够为我自己的户外活动提供一些科学的指导和启发,让每一次亲近自然都变得更有意义和深度。

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The promise of "Ecology and Field Biology" lies, for me, in its ability to translate the abstract principles of ecological science into the tangible realities of fieldwork. I’ve always been drawn to the idea of understanding how ecosystems function not just from textbooks, but from direct observation and hands-on experience. I imagine this book will offer a comprehensive overview of the essential methodologies that field biologists utilize to gather data and gain insights into the natural world. My anticipation is that it will cover a broad spectrum of research techniques, perhaps detailing how to conduct vegetation surveys, how to monitor animal populations, or how to analyze the impact of environmental changes on specific habitats. I am particularly keen to learn about the systematic approach to scientific inquiry that is fundamental to fieldwork, the importance of meticulous data recording, and the ethical considerations that guide ecological research. This book, I believe, will serve as an invaluable companion for anyone who wishes to cultivate a more profound understanding of the natural world and the scientific endeavors that seek to unravel its mysteries.

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我一直对那些能够将抽象概念与具体实践相结合的书籍情有独钟,而《Ecology and Field Biology》无疑满足了我这样的期待。它不仅仅是一本介绍生态学理论的著作,更重要的是,它将这些理论置于真实世界的语境之中,通过野外生物学的实践来加以阐释。我猜想书中会包含大量关于不同生境的研究案例,从热带雨林的生物多样性到极地苔原的生命适应,每一个案例都可能揭示出一种独特的生态规律。我特别期待看到作者是如何将那些复杂的生态系统过程,比如能量流动、物质循环,以及物种间的相互作用,通过实际的观察和数据分析来解释的。这不仅仅是学习知识,更是一种学习如何用科学的眼光去审视和理解我们所处的这个世界。这本书可能会教会我如何识别不同的植物和动物,如何理解它们的栖息地选择和生存策略,以及它们是如何与环境和其他生物相互依存的。我希望能从中获得一种更加直观和生动的学习体验,不仅仅是记住那些名词术语,而是真正理解它们背后的科学原理和实际应用。

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我一直对自然界的一切都怀有强烈的好奇心,尤其是那些隐藏在表象之下,连接着万事万物的无形纽带。当我在书店偶然翻开《Ecology and Field Biology》时,一种莫名的吸引力攫住了我。这本书的书名本身就散发着一种扎根于大地、亲近于生命的信号。我当时的想法是,这本书或许能为我揭示那些我一直以来在郊外徒步、在树林里漫步时所感受到的、却又无法准确描绘的生态系统运行的奥秘。它不仅仅是关于科学知识的堆砌,更像是一扇窗户,让我得以窥见那些肉眼难以察觉的生命互动和能量流动。我对于那些研究者们如何在野外进行观察、如何记录数据、如何从海量的信息中提炼出规律的严谨态度深感钦佩。我想象着书中可能包含着关于森林如何自我维持、河流如何塑造地貌、甚至是微小的昆虫如何在庞大的食物链中扮演关键角色的详细阐述。我渴望了解那些生态学家们如何运用他们的智慧和毅力,去理解和保护我们赖以生存的地球。这本书给我的第一印象是,它是一份通往理解自然世界宏大叙事的邀请函,是一次深入探究生命与环境之间复杂而迷人的关系的旅程的开始。我期待着通过阅读它,能够将我对自然的模糊感知转化为清晰的认识,并从中获得更深刻的启示。

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My interest in "Ecology and Field Biology" stems from a long-held fascination with the practical application of scientific knowledge. I believe that the most profound understanding of ecological principles comes from direct observation and empirical study in natural environments. This book, I imagine, will serve as an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to bridge the gap between theoretical ecology and real-world fieldwork. I anticipate it will detail a wide range of techniques used by ecologists to investigate various aspects of the natural world, from the methods employed in studying soil invertebrates to the strategies for assessing the health of aquatic ecosystems. I am particularly curious about how the book will explain the process of designing and executing field studies, including the importance of hypothesis formulation, experimental design, and rigorous data analysis. It’s the idea of learning how to systematically approach complex ecological questions, how to translate abstract concepts into measurable outcomes, that truly excites me. This book, I feel, is an essential guide for anyone who wishes to move beyond passive observation and engage in active, scientifically informed exploration of nature.

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The title "Ecology and Field Biology" immediately resonated with my desire to connect with the natural world on a deeper, more informed level. I’ve always been captivated by the complexity and resilience of ecosystems, and I believe that truly understanding them requires stepping out of the classroom and into the wild. My expectation is that this book will provide a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental principles of ecology, interwoven with practical insights into how these principles are studied and applied in real-world fieldwork. I envision it detailing the methodologies used to survey biodiversity, to monitor the health of habitats, and to understand the intricate relationships between different species. I'm particularly drawn to the idea of learning about the essential tools and techniques that field biologists employ, from the accurate identification of flora and fauna to the careful collection and analysis of environmental data. This book, I suspect, is more than just a repository of scientific information; it's a guide to developing the skills and mindset necessary for meaningful ecological inquiry and a testament to the dedication of those who work to understand and protect our planet.

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这本书的书名《Ecology and Field Biology》 immediately evoked in me a sense of immersion in the natural world, a desire to understand the intricate web of life that surrounds us. I've always been drawn to the raw beauty and inherent order of ecosystems, and I believe that truly grasping these concepts requires a hands-on approach. My anticipation is that this book will bridge the gap between theoretical ecological principles and their tangible manifestations in the field. I envision it detailing the meticulous processes of data collection in diverse environments, perhaps explaining the techniques for surveying plant populations, monitoring insect communities, or even tracking the movements of larger wildlife using various methods. I’m particularly keen to learn about the challenges and rewards of fieldwork, the ingenuity required to overcome logistical hurdles, and the sheer dedication involved in patiently observing and documenting biological phenomena. This book, I suspect, is not just about imparting knowledge, but about fostering a deeper appreciation for the scientific endeavor itself, for the unceasing curiosity that drives biologists to venture into the wild and unravel its secrets. It represents an invitation to a more profound engagement with the natural world, to see it not just as scenery, but as a dynamic, interconnected system governed by observable laws.

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I approached "Ecology and Field Biology" with the eager anticipation of someone seeking to deepen their connection with the natural world through scientific understanding. The title itself suggests a journey that combines theoretical knowledge with practical, on-the-ground exploration. I envision this book as a comprehensive manual for understanding how ecological systems operate, emphasizing the critical role of direct observation and empirical research in the field. My expectation is that it will provide detailed insights into the methodologies employed by ecologists, perhaps covering techniques for surveying plant communities, monitoring animal behavior, or assessing the health of various habitats. I am particularly intrigued by the prospect of learning about the meticulous planning and execution required for successful fieldwork, the importance of accurate data collection, and the rigorous analysis that underpins ecological research. This book, I feel, is a gateway to appreciating the scientific process of understanding our environment and a testament to the dedication of those who strive to conserve it.

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The very title, "Ecology and Field Biology," conjures images of sun-drenched meadows, whispering forests, and the quiet patience required to observe the subtle dance of life. For me, understanding ecology is not just about memorizing facts; it's about developing a keen sense of observation and a deep appreciation for the interconnectedness of all living things. I anticipate that this book will provide a comprehensive guide to the practical aspects of ecological research, outlining the essential methodologies that enable scientists to gather reliable data from natural settings. I'm eager to learn about the protocols for establishing sampling plots, the techniques for identifying and classifying species, and the methods used to quantify population dynamics and community structures. It’s the thought of the meticulous work involved – the careful recording of every observation, the precise measurement of environmental variables – that truly fascinates me. This book, I hope, will equip me with the foundational knowledge to not only understand ecological concepts but also to appreciate the rigorous scientific process that underpins them. It’s a promise of learning how to see the world through the eyes of a field biologist, to discern the patterns and processes that are often hidden in plain sight.

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