Pinocchio knows: the unconscious knowledge of the conscious lie.
From little white lies to the deepest, darkest ones, it is an accepted fact that we—like the boy who cried wolf—lie very often, at least three times a day. The thesis of this erudite and entertaining book is that lies are structured like paradoxes. Lying is a common social manifestation that is fraught with contradictions: we lie quite frequently, but we hate liars, and we detest above all being lied to. We know that most politicians lie, hoping that they lie reasonably, as it were, but when they are caught in the act, their careers are ruined. The common root to these phenomena goes back to the paradigmatic figure of the paradox: I am lying but I tell the truth when I say that I am lying.
In The Ethics of the Lie, Jean-Michel Rabaté examines this ancient problem in a new light, starting with a contemporary American context. He enters into the web of lies spun by the media, turns the microscope on the U.S. presidency, explores the dynamics of family lies, and even analyzes Hollywood's role in reenacting these dilemmas. Do we live in an age when disinformation has reached such a fevered pitch that we can dismiss everything presented as "fact" or "news"? In questioning this widespread skepticism, Rabaté deconstructs the pathology of lies and their logical mechanisms, leading us back to the continuing debates of the great philosophers and their philosophical foundations—Plato, Nietzsche, and Aristotle—and in doing so, swears to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.
Jean-Michel Rabaté, Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Pennsylvania since 1992, has published about fifteen books on Samuel Beckett, Thomas Bernhard, Ezra Pound, James Joyce, psychoanalysis and literary theory. His most recent books include The Ghosts of Modernity, (University of Florida Press, 1996), Joyce and the Politics of Egoism (Cambridge UP, 2001) and Jacques Lacan and Literature (Palgrave, 2001). He has recently edited two collections of essays, Writing the Image after Roland Barthes, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997) and Jacques Lacan in America (The Other Press, Fall 2000), The Cambridge Companion to Jacques Lacan. (2002) and The Future of Theory (Blackwell, 2002). Recent publications: (2003 Cambridge) Companion to Lacan, editor, 2003 On the diagram: the art of Marjorie Welish, co-edited with Aaron Levy, (2004 Palgrave) Advances to James Joyce, editor, 2004 Architecture Against death: On Arakwa and Gins, two volumes, editor, and 2005 Logiques du Mensonge, Calmann- Levy. Most recent publications William Anastasi’s Pataphysical Society, co-edited, Slought, 2005, Companion pour Jacques Lacan, Bayard, 2005., Given: 1) Art, 2) Crime, Sussex University Press, 2006, Helene Cixous--On Cities, co-edited, Slought, 2006, Lacan Literario, Siglo 21, 2007,1913: The cradle of modernism, Blackwell, July 2007. Forthcoming: The Ethic of the Lie, The Other Press, 2008.
我必須承認,這本書的閱讀過程充滿瞭掙紮,這並非因為內容晦澀難懂,而是因為它的核心觀點太過顛覆性,需要你不斷地推翻自己建立已久的道德直覺。作者的論證邏輯像是一颱精密運作的機器,每一個環節都扣得死死的,不留一絲喘息的機會。它迫使讀者走齣舒適區,去直麵那些我們習慣於用“情境特殊”來為自己開脫的時刻。我特彆關注瞭其中關於“信息不對稱”下的道德責任部分,那段論述讓我對現代信息傳播中的許多行為,産生瞭更深層次的警惕。這已經超越瞭一般的倫理學討論,更像是一部關於權力、知識與道德操縱的深度剖析報告。讀完後,我感覺自己的“道德肌肉”被過度操練瞭一番,疲憊,但充滿瞭力量。
评分這本書的敘事節奏把握得真是絕瞭,它不像傳統哲學著作那樣乾巴巴地堆砌論點,而是巧妙地融入瞭一種近乎懸疑小說的張力。我感覺自己像個偵探,跟著作者在錯綜復雜的道德迷宮裏穿行。最讓我著迷的是它對“動機”與“結果”之間關係的細緻入微的分析,那種辯證法的運用爐火純青,讓你在剛為一個觀點拍手叫絕時,馬上又被另一個反駁的視角擊中,然後陷入沉思。它沒有簡單地站隊,而是搭建瞭一個宏大的思想競技場,讓所有觀點自由搏擊。這種處理方式,使得原本可能枯燥的倫理學探討變得鮮活而具有侵略性,它主動齣擊,直指人心最柔軟卻又最堅硬的那部分。我一口氣讀完,閤上書頁時,發現自己對身邊一些看似平常的場景,産生瞭全新的、近乎審判的視角。
评分這部作品最齣彩的地方,在於它對“語境”的極端重視,它拒絕瞭任何形式的教條主義,轉而深入到每一個微觀決策的生成土壤中去探究。作者的語言處理非常巧妙,擅長使用那些看似中性的詞匯,去構建一個充滿悖論的世界。我花瞭大量時間去琢磨它對“善意”的定義如何隨著時間和社會環境而扭麯變形的論述。這本書的價值,並不在於提供一個放之四海而皆準的道德指南,而在於提供瞭一套極其精密的分析工具,讓你能夠解構你所麵對的每一個道德睏境。它讓你明白,很多時候,我們所謂的“對”與“錯”,不過是選擇瞭一個更容易被群體接受的敘事框架而已。這是一種非常高級的、反思性的閱讀體驗,它讓你在閤上書本之後,看世界的眼光都變得復雜和多維瞭。
评分說實話,這本書的文筆是極具個人風格的,那種冷靜到近乎冷酷的疏離感,反而更增添瞭其論證的力度。作者似乎站在一個極高的瞭望塔上俯瞰人類的道德實踐,其洞察力之銳利,讓人心驚。它對社會契約的那些細微裂痕的捕捉,堪稱一絕,仿佛是用一把手術刀在剖開社會的錶皮,直達肌理。我尤其欣賞其中對於“集體性謊言”的探討,那部分內容讓我聯想到很多曆史事件和社會現象,它揭示瞭為瞭維持某種錶麵的和諧或既得利益,社會機製是如何集體性地參與構建一個心照不宣的“非真相”世界的。這種對結構性虛僞的揭露,讓我對日常交流中的“客套話”都産生瞭生理性的不適。如果你期待讀到一本讓你感到安慰的書,那你最好避開它;但如果你渴望一場徹底的智力洗禮,這本書是為數不多的選擇。
评分天哪,這本書簡直是場思想的角鬥!我得說,作者在探討“界限”這件事上,達到瞭一個令人不安卻又無比清醒的境界。它不是那種你在咖啡館裏輕鬆翻閱的讀物,更像是一場深潛,把你帶到那些我們通常選擇視而不見的人性幽暗角落。我尤其欣賞它對“必要之惡”的解構,那種抽絲剝繭的手法,讓人不得不重新審視自己日常生活中那些微不足道的妥協和粉飾太平。讀完之後,你很難再用非黑即白的標準去評判任何復雜的人際互動。那種對灰色地帶的精準描摹,仿佛是高分辨率的X光片,照亮瞭我們習慣性忽略的骨骼結構。它沒有給你廉價的答案,反而是拋齣瞭一係列更尖銳、更難纏的問題,讓你在接下來的日子裏,走路都會不自覺地思考每一步的“正當性”。這種閱讀體驗是痛苦的,但絕對是值得的,因為它挑戰瞭我們自以為堅固的道德高地。
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