The goal of this book is to provide a thorough review of selected theorists

whose lives and works have influenced the direction and development of

clinical practice in occupational therapy. Two assumptions have guided the

development of the book. First, careful study of existing theoretical ma-

terial is needed to provide a knowledge base for the refinement of current

theories and for the development of new theories. Second, the clinical

relevance of a theory can be enhanced when that theory is studied in the

context of the individual theorist s attempts to solve clinical problems or

address professional issues that the theorist has encountered in her or his

own career.

We felt that such a book was needed in the occupational therapy profes-

sion. Practicing therapists can use it to develop a frame of reference for a

clinical setting, to review theory related to a new job area, to formulate

justifications for practice decisions to other professionals and to third party

payers, to establish a rationale for research, or to prepare for continuing

education workshops.

For the increasing numbers of therapists returning to school to obtain

graduate degrees, a book was needed to provide an overview of theorists

and exhaustive bibliographies for more indepth study. Graduate students

also need to identify research questions that can add to the body of knowl-

edge and theory base for the profession.

This book is designed to help the undergraduate or basic master s student

who is in the process of formulating a professional identity. This book can

help them begin to understand the common themes and the differences

among the basic theories, which so often seem elusive in this diverse profes-

sion. And, because the book identifies a heritage of the outstanding ideas

and exemplary careers of some of the people in the profession, it can aid

the development of professional self-esteem and confidence.