Like many Cold War artifacts, the West's export control policies and institutions are being re-evaluated after the tumult in the communist world at the end of the 1980s. Policy-makers and scholars are being forced to re-examine the premises of export control policy and the very concept of export controls as a tool of national security and foreign policy. This volume brings together economists and government officials who provide contrasting perspectives and address the problems and prospects for export controls. The contributors discuss the role and function of export control policies from a variety of perspectives - security, commerce, diplomacy, the European region and that of the newly industrialized countries. Among the topics covered are the problems the USA and the Western export control regime will face in the 1990s in light of changing international political alliances and dependencies, in defining strategic exports, in enforcing export controls, and for the future role of the Co-ordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls.