Why aren't boys as successful as girls in elementary school, and why do so many more girls go on to college? Why are so many fathers not taking leading roles in raising their sons? Why are American boys drawn to violence, under-achievement, and mistrust of adulthood? Why are boys suffering academically and socially at the hands of corporations that target them as consumers? Drawing upon Carl Jung's theory of horizontal and vertical mindedness, author Joe Carmichiel reveals why too many boys are not achieving adulthood, instead becoming underemployed, unable to sustain relationships, and dependent on drugs and alcohol, video games, and crime. According to Carmichiel, American culture is too reliant on electronic media and has abandoned male coming-of-age rituals, rites of passage, mentorship, and other traditional modes of supporting boys. In this book, he shows how to begin the journey back to achieving higher development and consciousness in young men.