On September 3, 1783, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay signed the definitive Anglo-American peace treaty. Adams and his colleagues strived to establish a viable relationship between the new nation and its largest trading partner but were stymied by rising British anti-Americanism. Adams' diplomatic efforts were also complicated by domestic turmoil. Americans, in a rehearsal for the later Federalist-Antifederalist conflict over the United States Constitution, were debating the proper relationship between the central government and the states. Adams, a Federalist as early as 1783, argued persuasively for a government that honored its treaties and paid its foreign debts. But when bills far exceeding the funds available for their redemption were sent to Europe, he was forced to undertake a dangerous winter journey to the Netherlands to raise a new loan and save the United States from financial disaster. None of the founding fathers equals the candor of John Adams' observations of his eighteenth-century world. His letters, always interesting, reveal with absolute clarity Adams' positions on the personalities and issues of his times.
發表於2024-11-10
Papers of John Adams, Volume 15, June 1783 January 1784 (Adams Papers) 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載
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Papers of John Adams, Volume 15, June 1783 January 1784 (Adams Papers) 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載