BIOLOGICAL HEREDITY AND VARIATION.Mendelian inheritance.Segregation at one locus.Segregation at two loci.Quantitative inheritance.THE C ELL CYCLE.The Bacterial cell cycle.The eukaryotic cell cycle.The molecular basis of cell cycle regulation.Progress through the cell cycle.Special cell cycle systems in animals.CHROMATIN.Nucleosomes.Higher-order chromatin organization.Chromatin and chromosome function.Molecular structure of the bacterial nucleoid.CHROMOSOME MUTATION.Numerical chromosome mutations.Structural chromosome mutations. CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION.Normal chromosomes - gross morphology.Special chromosome structures.Molecular aspects of chromosome structure.DEVELOPMENT, MOLECULAR ASPECTS.Differentiation. Pattern formation and positional information.The environment in development. DNA METHYLATION AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION.DNA methylation and prokaryotes.DNA methylation in eukaryotes. Epigenetic gene regulation by DNA methylation in mammals.THE GENE.The concept of the gene.Units of genetic structure and genetic function.Gene-cistron relationship in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.Gene structure and architecture.GENE EXPRESSION AND REGULATION.Gene expression.Gene regulation.Gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.GENE TRANSFER IN BACTERIA.Conjugation.Transformation.Transduction.THE GENETIC CODE.An overview of the genetic code.Translation.Special properties of the code.GENOMES AND MAPPING.Genomes, ploidy and chromosome number.Physico-chemical properties of the genome.Genome size and sequence components. Gene structure and higher-order genome organisation.Repetitive DNA.Ischore organization of the mammalian genome.Gene mapping.Genetic mapping.Physical mapping.MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS.Mechanisms of transposition.Consequences of transposition.Transposons.Retroelements.MUTAGENESIS AND DNA REPAIR.Mutagenesis and replication fidelity.DNA damage: mutation and killing.DNA repair.Direct reversal repair.Excision repair.Mismatch repair.Recombination repair.The SOS response and mutagenic repair.MUTATION AND SELECTION.Structural and functional consequences of mutation.Mutant alleles and the molecular basis of phenotype. The distribution of mutations and molecular evolution.Mutations in genetic analysis.NUCLEIC ACID STRUCTURE.Nucleic acid primary structure.Nucleic acid secondary structure.Nucleic acid tertiary structure.NUCLEIC ACID-BINDING PROTEINS.Nucleic acid recognition by proteins.DNA-binding motifs in proteins.RNA-binding motifs in proteins. Molecular aspects of protein-nucleic acid binding.Sequence-specific binding.Techniques for the study of protein-nucleic-acid interactions.ONCOGENES AND CANCER.Oncogenes.Tumor-suppressor genes.ORGANELLE GENOMES.Organelle genetics.Organelle genomes.PLASMIDS.Plasmid classification.Plasmid replication and maintenance.THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR).Specificity of the PCR reaction.Advances and extensions to basic PCR strategy.Alternative methods for in vitro amplification. PROTEINS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND EVOLUTION.Protein primary structure.Higher-order protein structure.Protein modification.Protein families.Global analysis of protein function.PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.The components of protein synthesis.The mechanism of protein synthesis.RECOMBINANT DNA AND MOLECULAR CLONING.Molecular cloning.Strategies for gene isolation.Characterization of cloned DNA.Expression of cloned DNA.Analysis of gene regulation.Analysis of proteins and protein-protein interactions.In vitro mutagenesis.Transgenesis: gene transfer to animals and plants.REC
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