Spanning more than 100 years of cultural history, this book examines the ways that representations of Scottish identity in Scotland and abroad have influenced and responded to the rapid changes of modernity since 1890. Popular representations of Scottish national, ethnic, and cultural identity are in abundance not only in Scotland, but also in the United States, Canada, and throughout the Anglophone settler nations of the world. The author argues that Scotland's history, traditions, and bloodlines have served as ideological battlegrounds for Scots and non-Scots alike to give voice to fantasies of pre-industrial communities and to the realities of working class life. Linking a range of nationalist renditions of Scottish culture, including poetry, film, folklore studies, clan organizations, and popular fiction, this volume shows the importance of Scotland to our present understanding of class, gender, race, and national identity.