Universalistic economic behaviour often drives countries to adopt one particular economic system. However, it is arguable that theoretical foundations and empirical evidence should be matched to allow for distinct behaviours of higher societal orders. Systemic differences arise from distinct sociological, political and economic behavioural-motivational types that associate with household, state and firm settings. This book is a meeting point between economic systems and development economics, offering theoretical foundations and empirical evidence that support the persistence of distinct systemic behavioural differences and developments. The book aims to explain global differences, transitions and development, and classifies systems and countries into behaviourally dominated types, treating rich industrialized countries, transition economies, and world developing regions separately. With coverage of all major regions, this book is essential for all looking for a comprehensive analysis of economic systems worldwide.