This Report studies the population stock in India using the parameters of its levels, patterns, and the changes in size, structure, and distribution during the last 60 years. It makes an objective assessment of what has been achieved and what remains to be achieved. It shows the cause and effect relationship between population, on one hand, and economics, health care, migration, and social practices, on the other. It measures the progress of the country and its constituent states towards the goal and objectives of the National Population Policy 2000. Finally, it suggests strategic options for achieving population stabilization in India. The Report covers various topics-population growth and distribution; evolution of population policy; family planning; reproductive and child health; status of women; urbanization and migration; population and development integration, and strategic options for population stabilization.