Mark McGwire, Ozzie Smith, Lou Brock. These famous Cardinals are known by baseball fans around the world. But who and what were the predecessors of these modern-day players and their team? In Before They Were Cardinals, Jon David Cash examines the booms and busts of major-league baseball in St. Louis during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. His in-depth analysis begins with an exploration of the factors that motivated civic leaders to form the city's first major-league baseball club. Cash delves into the economic rivalry between St. Louis and Chicago, and examines how St. Louis's attempt to compete with Chicago led to the formation of the St. Louis Brown Stockings in 1875. He then explains why, three years later, despite its initial success, St. Louis baseball quickly vanished from the big-league map.St. Louis baseball was revived with the arrival of German immigrant saloon owner Chris Von der Ahe. Cash explains how Von der Ahe, originally only interested in concession rights, purchased a controlling interest in the Brown Stockings. His riveting account follows the team after Von der Ahe's purchase, from its entry into the American Association to this new league's merger with the rival National League in 1891. He chronicles Von der Ahe's monetary downturn, and the club's decline as well, following the merger.Before They Were Cardinals provides vivid portraits of the ball players and the participants involved in the baseball war between the American Association and the National League. Cash points out significant differences, such as Sunday beer sales, between the two leagues. In addition, excerpts taken from Chicago and St. Louis newspapers make the on-field contests andoff-field rivalries come alive. Cash concludes this lively historical narrative with an appendix that traces the issue of race in baseball during this period.The excesses of modern-day baseball -- players jumping contracts or holding out for more money, gambling on games, and drinking to excess; owners stealing players and breaking agreements -- were all present in the nineteenth-century sport. Players were seen then, as they are now, as an embodiment of the communities they represented. This first book-length treatment of a fascinating period in St. Louis baseball history will appeal to both baseball aficionados and those who want to understand the history of the game itself.