This book provides a new concept framework for understanding the factors that lead soldiers to challenge civil authority in developing nations. By exploring the causes and effects of the 1964 East African army mutinies, it provides novel insights into the nature of institutional violence, aggression, and military unrest in former colonial societies. The study integrates history and the social sciences by using detailed empirical data on the soldiers' protests in Tanganyika, Uganda, and Kenya.
The roots of the 1964 army mutinies in Tanganyika, Uganda, and Kenya were firmly rooted in the colonial past when economic and strategic necessity forced the former British territorial governments to rely on Africans for defense and internal security. As the only group in colonial society with access to weapons and military training, the African soldiery was a potential threat to the security of British rule. Colonial authorities maintained control over African soldiers by balancing the significant rewards of military service with social isolation, harsh discipline, and close political surveillance. After independence, civilian pay levels out-paced army wages, thereby tarnishing the prestige of military service. As compensation, veteran African soldiers expected commissions and improved terms of service when the new governments Africanized the civil service. They grew increasingly upset when African politicians proved unwilling and unable to meet their demands. Yet the creation of new democratic societies removed most of the restrictive regulations that had disciplined colonial African soldiers.
Lacking the financial resources and military expertise to create new armies, the independent African governments had to retain the basic structure and character of the inherited armies. Soldiers in Tanganyika, Uganda, and Kenya mutinied in rapid succession during the last week of January 1964 because their governments could no longer maintain the delicate balance of coercion and concessions that had kept the colonial soldiery in check. The East African mutinies demonstrate that the propensity of an African army to challenge civil authority was directly tied to its degree of integration into postcolonial society.
TIMOTHY H. PARSONS holds a joint appointment as an Associate Professor in the history department and the African and Afro-American Studies program at Washington University in St. Louis.
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阅读过程中,我感受到了一种强烈的历史紧迫感,仿佛能触摸到那个时代政治精英们在平衡外部意识形态压力(冷战对垒)与内部族群政治现实之间的那种步履维艰。这本书如果能清晰地阐明,1964年的军事动荡是如何成为东非各国领导人寻求“再正名化”的催化剂,将是其最大的贡献之一。即,通过平息或利用兵变,领导人得以清理异己、重组国家机器,并最终确立一套符合自身利益的“新常态”。这种对危机管理与权力巩固之间辩证关系的探讨,是理解现代东非政治生态的基石。我希望看到,作者如何用无可辩驳的史实,来论证这些军事插曲并非历史的岔路,而是塑造当代东非政治格局的必经之路。
评分读完这本关于1964年兵变的著作,我最大的感受是作者在处理复杂历史事件时展现出的惊人细腻和宏观视野的平衡。它不仅仅是对一系列军事行动的机械记录,更像是一场对后殖民国家脆弱性的深刻体检。那种笔触的力度,仿佛能让人感受到当时的空气中弥漫的紧张与不确定性,那种新生的国家机器在试图站稳脚跟时所经历的阵痛。我特别欣赏作者对“现代化”这一概念在特定历史情境下的批判性反思——那些被外部观察者视为“进步”的军事干预或政治清洗,在当地语境下究竟意味着权力的重新分配,还是仅仅是旧有支配模式的变体?这种对“进展”的质疑,是优秀历史著作的标志。它迫使读者跳出单一的线性史观,去审视一个地区如何在剧烈的内部冲突中,被迫或主动地加速其国家机构的成熟与定型。
评分这本书的论证结构仿佛是一张精心编织的地图,将原本看似分散的军事骚动点连缀起来,揭示出它们背后共同的、关于“国家制造”(state-making)的内在逻辑。我关注到,作者在探讨兵变如何塑造了后续的政治文化时,其论证的严谨性令人印象深刻。例如,某次兵变失败后,执政者采取的镇压或安抚措施,如何在日后演变成制度化的权力运作模式?这些“经验教训”是如何被内化到东非各国安全部门的DNA中去的?这种对制度形成的追溯,远比仅仅描述事件本身更具洞察力。如果全书都保持这种对结构性影响的深度挖掘,那么它将不仅仅是一本关于特定年代的事件史,而是一部关于权力如何自我复制和演化的非洲政治学教材。
评分坦率地说,我对东非近现代史的了解一直停留在较为宏观的层面,但这本书无疑提供了一个极佳的微观观察点,去探究权力真空是如何被填补的。1964年这个时间点本身就极具象征意义,它发生在独立浪潮之后不久,正是新政府试图巩固其合法性、驯服其继承而来的暴力工具——军队——的关键时期。这本书若能细致地梳理出,不同国家的兵变如何因其独特的殖民遗留(例如,英式、法式或比属的行政体系差异)而呈现出不同的形态和后果,那就太精彩了。我尤其关注那些在兵变中扮演了关键角色的低级别军官或普通士兵的视角,他们是历史进程的推动者,却往往被后世的政治叙事所忽略。一个真正有深度的历史叙事,应当能够捕捉到这些“沉默的大多数”在关键时刻的动机与抉择。
评分这本书的标题本身就充满了历史的重量感,让人不禁想象那个风云变幻的年代,东非大地是如何在剧烈的动荡中塑造其现代面貌的。从书名来看,它似乎聚焦于1964年发生的那些兵变事件,这无疑是理解冷战背景下非洲独立后国家构建过程中的一个关键切入点。我期待作者能够深入剖析这些军事叛乱的深层驱动力,不仅仅是表层的政治诉求或是对殖民遗产的不满,更希望看到对当时社会结构、族群关系以及新兴精英阶层内部权力斗争的细致描摹。毕竟,一次兵变往往是冰山一角,水面下涌动着的是错综复杂的社会矛盾和意识形态的较量。如果作者能提供丰富的档案资料和一手访谈作为支撑,将这些看似孤立的事件串联成一幅宏大的历史画卷,展现它们是如何共同催化了东非各国政治体制的转型与重塑,那这本书的价值将是无可估量的。期待它能揭示,在看似短暂的军事冲突背后,隐藏着何种关于国家、军队与公民身份构建的长期叙事。
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