Knowledge management has become a well-known term, but the concept of science-based innovation remains relatively unexploited. This book bridges the gap between knowledge management and science-based innovation at a time when many industries are relying on their ability to organize and manage innovation work that draws on advanced scientific skills and procedure. When science becomes an organizational resource, scientific ideologies and managerial objectives intersect. Examining how science-based innovations function under these conditions is of central interest for a range of industries. Combining literature reviews and empirical studies of new drug development work, Science-Based Innovation points at some of the concerns and challenges faced when mobilizing scientific know-how in innovation work and addresses significant theoretical and managerial implications for innovation management.