This book addresses the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing communities worldwide by presenting a collection of 43 peer-reviewed interdisciplinary perspectives on Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA). OBIA is a recent sub-discipline of Geographic Information Science devoted to developing automated methods to partition remote sensing imagery into meaningful image-objects, and assessing their characteristics through spatial, spectral and temporal scales. Its applications range from agriculture and natural resource management, to national defense and global climate change. Its economic impact spans from data collection, hardware and software vendors, developers and users, to recipients of sound sustainable environmental policy. Its effect is to synergistically bridge the raster world of remote sensing and the vector world of GIS by generating new semantically rich queryable geographic-information from multiscale earth observation data. We invite you to join us on this exciting state-of-the art journey into OBIA.