Modern visual tracking systems implement a computational process that is often divided into several modules such as localization, tracking, recognition, behavior analysis and classification of events. This book will focus on recent advances in computational approaches for detection and tracking of human body, road boundaries and lane markers as well as on recognition of human activities, drowsiness and distraction state. The book is composed of seven distinct parts. Part I covers people localization algorithms in video sequences. Part II describes successful approaches for tracking people and bodyparts. The third part focuses on tracking of pedestrian and vehicles in outdoor images. Part IV describes recent methods to track lane markers and road boundaries. In part V, methods to track head, hand and facial features are reviewed. The last two parts cover the topics of automatic recognition and classification of activity, gesture, behavior, drowsiness and visual distraction state of humans.