前言
Acknowledgments
第一章 動詞時態
( Verb Tenses)
1-1 一般時態
(The Simple Tenses)
1-2 進行時態
(The Progressive Tenses)
1-3 完成時態
( The Perfect Tenses)
1-4 完成進行時態
(The Perfect Progressive Tenses)
l-5 動詞時態簡錶
( Summary Chart of Verb Tenses)
1-6 -ING和-ED形式的拼法
( Spelling of-ING and -ED Forms)
1-7 一般現在時
(Simple Present)
1-8 現在進行時
(Present Progressive)
1-9 無進行時態的動詞
(Nonprogressive Verbs)
1-10 現在進行時與ALWAYS連用
( Using the Present Prigrssive with ALWAYS)
1-11 規則動詞與不規則動詞
(Rngular and Irregular Verbs)
1-12 一般過去時
(Simple Past)
1-13 過去進行時
(Past Progressive)
1-14 進行時態中地點狀語的用法
(Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Tenses)
1-15 現在完成時
(Present Perfect)
1-16 現在完成進行時
( Present Perfect Progressive)
1-17 過去完成時
(Past Perfect)
1-18 過去完成進行時
(Past Perfect Progressive)
1-19 一般將來時/BE GOING TO
(Simple Future/BE GOING TO)
1-20 WILL與 BE GOING TO
( WILL vs BE GOING TO)
1-21 時間狀語從句中將來時態的錶達
(Expressing the Future in Time Ciauses)
1-22 現在進行時和一般現在時錶示將來
(Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to
Expres Future Time)
1-23 將來進行時
(Future Progressive)
1-24 將來完成時
(Future Perfect)
1-25 將來完成進行時
(Future Perfect Progressive)
第二章 情態動詞與類似錶達
(Modal Auxiliaries and Similar Expressions)
2-1 概述
( Introduction)
2-2 “I”作主語的禮貌請求
( Polite Requests with “ I” as the Subject
2-3 “YOU”作主語的禮貌請求
(Polite Requests with“YOU” as the Subject)
2--4 WOULD YOU MIND用作禮貌請求
(Polite Requests with WOULD YOU MIND)
2--5 祈使句用作禮貌請求
(Using the Imperative Sentences to Make Polite Requests)
2--6 錶示必須:MUST, HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO
( Expressing Necessity: MUST, HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO)
2-7 不必要和禁止: HAVE TO和 MUST的否定形式
( Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: HAVE TO and MUST in
the Negative)
2--8 忠告:SHOULD,OUGHT TO,HAD BETTER
(Advisability:SHOULD,OUGHT TO,HAD BETTER)
2-9 SHOULD的過去式
(The Past Form of SHOULD)
2-10 期望:BE SUPPOSED TO與BE TO
(Expectations:BE SUPPOSED TO與 BE TO)
2--11 提議: LET'S, WHY DON'T, SHALLI/ WE
(Making Suggestions:LET’S,WHY DON’T,SHALL I/WE)
2--12 提議:COULD
(Making Suggestions: COULD)
2--13 錶示肯定的程度:現在時
( Expressing Degrees of Certainty: Present Time)
2-14 肯定的程度:一般現在時的否定
(Degrees Of Certainty:Present Time Negative)
2--15 肯定的程度:過去時
( Degrees of Certainty: Past Time)
2-16 肯定的程度:將來時
( Degrees of Certainty: Future Time)
2-17 情態動詞的進行式
( Progressive Forms of Modals)
2-18 USED TO(過去的習慣)與BE USED TO的用法
(Using USED TO[Habitual Past] and BE USED TO)
2-19 WOULD錶示過去重復性的動作
(Using WOULD to Express a Repeated Action In the Past)
2-20 錶示傾嚮: WOULD RATHER
(Expressiving Preference: WOULD RATHER)
2--21 CAN與BE ABLE TO的用法
( Using CAN and BE ABLE TO)
2--22 過去的能力:COULD
(Past Ability: COULD)
2-23 情態動詞與類似錶達簡錶
( Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions)
第三章 被動語態
( The Passive)
3--1 被動語態的構成
(Forming the Passive)
3--2 被動語態的用法
( Using the Passive)
3-3 間接賓語用作被動語態的主語
( Indirect Objects as Passive Subjects)
3--4 情態動詞與類似錶達的被動語態
( The Passive Form of Modals and Similar Expressions)
3--5 靜態被動語態形式
(Stative Passive)
3--6 GET與被動語態
(The Passive with GET)
3-7 分詞形式的形容詞
(Participial Adjectives)
第四章 動名詞與不定式
Gerunds and Infinitives)
4--1 動名詞:概述
( Gerunds: Introduction)
4-2 動名詞用作介詞的賓語
(Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions)
4--3 帶動名詞的常用動詞
(Common Verbs Followed by Gerunds)
4--4 GO十動名詞
(GO+Gerunds)
4-5 帶不定式的常用動詞
( Common Verbs Followed by Infinitives)
4--6 既可帶不定式又可帶動名詞的常用動詞
(Common Verbs Followed by either Infinitives or Gerunds)
4-7 帶動名詞的動詞參照錶
(Reference List of Verbs FOllowed by Gerunds)
4-8 帶不定式的動詞參照錶
(Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives)
4-9 動名詞用作主語; IT十不定式的用法
( Using Gerunds as Subjects;Using IT+ Infinitive)
4-10 錶達目的的不定式: IN ORDER TO
( Infinitive of Purpose: IN ORDER TO)
4--11 帶不定式的形容詞
(Adjectives Followed by Infinitives)
4--12 不定式與TOO,ENOUGH連用
(Using lnfinitives with TOO and ENOUGH)
4-13 不定式與動名詞的被動語態形式和過去式
(Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds)
4--14 NEED後接動名詞或不定式被動語態形式的用法
( Using Gerunds and Passive Infinitives Following NEED)
4--15 所有格修飾動名詞
(Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund)
4--16 感官動詞的用法
(Using Verbs of Perception)
4-17 LET與HELP後接動詞原形的用法
( Using the Simple Form after LET and HELP)
4--18 使役動詞的用法:MAKE,HAVE,GET
(Using Causative Verbs:MAKE, HAVE, GET)
4-19 特殊短語後接動詞-ING形式的用法
(Special Expressions Followed by the -ING Form of a Verb)
第五章 單數與復數
Singular and Plural)
5--1 -S/-ES詞尾
(Final -S/-ES)
5--2 名詞復數的不規則形式
(Irregular Plural Nouns)
5--3 名詞所有格
(Possessive Nouns)
5--4 名詞用作修飾語
(Using Nouns as Modifiers)
5--5 可數名詞與不可數名詞
( Count and Noncount Nouns)
5-6 不可數名詞
(Noncount Nouns)
5-7 部分常見的不可數名詞
( Some Common Noncount Nouns)
5--8 數量的錶達
(Expressions Of Quantity)
5--9 A FEW與FEW;A LITTLE與LITTLE的用法
( Using A FEW and FEW; A LITTLE and LITTLE)
5--10 錶達數量的短語中OF的用法
(Using OF in Expressions of Quantlty)
5-11 單數的數量錶達:ONE,EACH,EVERY
(Singular Expressions of Quantity: ONE, EACH, EVERY)
5-12 基本的主謂一緻
(Basic Subject-Verb Agreement)
5--13 使用數量錶達時的主謂一緻
(Subject-Verb Agreement:Using Expressions of Quantity)
5--14 使用 THERE+ BE時的主謂一緻
( Subject-Verb Agreement: Using THERE+ BE)
5-15 某些特殊用法的主謂一緻
(Subject-Verb Agreement:Some Irregularities)
5-16 人稱代詞與名詞前後一緻
( Personal Pronouns:Agreement with Nouns)
5--17 人稱代詞與不定代詞前後一緻
( Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns)
5--18 人稱代詞與集閤名詞前後一緻
( Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Collective Nouns)
5-19 反身代詞的用法
(Using Reflecxive Pronouns)
5--20 YOU與ONE用作泛指代詞
(Using YOU and ONE as Impersonal Pronouns)
5-21 OTHER的形式
( Forms of OTHER)
第六章 定語從句
(Adjective Clauses)
6--1 定語從句:概述
(Adjective Clauses)
6-2 主格代詞的用法:WHO,WHICH,THAT
(Using subject Pronouns:WHO,WHICH,THAT)
6--3 賓格代詞的用法:WHO (M),WHICh,THAT
(Using object Pronous:WHO[M],WHICH,THAT)
6-4 WHOSE的用法
(Using WHOSE)
6--5 WHERE的用法
( Using WHERE)
6--6 WHEN的用法
(Using WHEN)
6-7 定語從句修飾代詞的用法
(Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns)
6-8 定語從句的標點
(Punctuation of Adjective Clauses)
6-9 定語從句中數量的錶達方法
( Using Expressions of Quantity In Adjective Clauses)
6-10 名詞十 OF WHICH的用法
(U8illg NOUN+ OF WHICH)
6--11 WHICH修飾整個句子的用法
(Using WHICH to Modify a whole Sentence)
6-12 將定語從句縮略為形容詞短語:概述
(Reduction of Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases:
Introduction)
6--13 將定語從句變為形容詞從句
(Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase)
第七章 名詞性從句
(Noun Clauses)
7--1 名詞性從句:概述
(Noun Clauses:Introduction)
7--2 以疑問句開頭的名詞性從句
(Noun Clauses Which Begin with a Question Word)
7-3 以WHETHER或IF開頭的名詞性從句
( Noun Clauses Which Begin with WHETHER or IF )
7-4 疑問詞後接不定式
( Question Words Followed by Infinitives)
7--5 以THAT開頭的名詞性從句
(Noun Clauses which Begin with THAT)
7-6 直接引語
( Quoted Speech)
7-7 間接引語和名詞性從句中正式的時態呼應
(Roported Speech and the Formal Sequence of Tenses in Noun
Clauses)
7-8 名詞性從句中虛擬式的用法
(Using the Subjective in Noun Clauses)
7-9 帶-EVER的詞的用法
( Using -EVER Word)
第八章 錶達概念之間的關係――第一部分
(Showing Relationships between Ideas―PartI)
8-1 並列結構
(Parallel Structure)
8--2 成對連詞的用法:BOTH…AND;NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO;
EITHER… OR; NEITHER… NOR
(Using Paired Conjunctions: BOTH… AND; NOT ONLY…
BUT ALSO; EITHETR… OR; NEITHER… NOR)
8-3 用連詞連接獨立句
( Combining Independent Clauses with Comunctions)
8-4 狀語從句:概述
(Adverb Clauses:Introduction)
8-5 用狀語從句錶示時間關係
( Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships)
8--6 用狀語從句錶示因果關係
(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect Relationships)
8--7 用介詞錶示因果關係:BECAUSE OF與DUE TO
( Using Preposition to Show Cause and Effect:BECAUSE OF
and DUE TO)
8-8 用轉摺副詞錶示因果關係:THEREFORE與CONSEQUENTLY
(Using Transitions to show Cause and Effect:THEREFORE and
CONSEQUENTLY)
8--9 句型與標點小結
( Summary of Patterns and Punctuation)
8--10 錶示因果關係的其他方式:SUCH…THAT與SO…THAT
(Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect:SUCH …THAT
and SO… THAT)
8--11 錶示目的:SO THAT的用法
(Expressing Purpose:Using SO THAT)
8-12 將狀語從句簡化為修飾性短語:概述
( Reduction of Adverb Clauses to Modifying Phrases:
Introduction)
8--13 將時間狀語從句變為修飾性短語
(Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Phrases)
8-14 在修飾性短語中錶示“同時”關係
(Expressing the Idea of“During the same Time” in Modifying
Phrases)
8-15 在修飾性短語中錶示因果關係
(Expressing Cause and Effect Relatioships in Modifying
Phrases)
8-16 修飾性短語中UPON+-ING的用法
( Using UPON+ -ING in Modifying Phrases)
第九章 錶示概念之間的關係――第一部分
(Showing Relationships between ideas―Part II)
9-1 錶示意料之外的結果:EVEN THOUGH的用法
(EXpressing Unexpected Result:Using EVEN THOUGH)
9--2 錶示對立(意料之外的結果)
(Showing Opposition:Unexpected Result)
9--3 錶示直接對立
(Showing Direct Opposition)
9--4 狀語從句錶示條件:“IF從句”
( Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses:“ IF Clauses”)
9-5 條件狀語從句: WHETHER OR NOT和 EVEN IF的用法
(Adverb Clauses of Condition: WHETHER OR NOT and EVEN
IF)
9-6 條件狀語從句:IN CASE/THAT)與 IN THE EVENT/THAT)的用法
(Adverb Clauses of Condition:Using IN CASE [THAT]and IN
THE EVENT[THAT]
9-7 條件狀語從句:UNLESS的用法
(Adverb Clause of Condition:Using UNLESS)
9-8 條件狀語從句: ONLY IF與 PROVIDING/PROVIDE THAT的用法
(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using ONLY IF and PROVIDING/
ROVIDE THAT)
9-9 錶示條件:OTHERWISE與OR (ELSE)的用法
(Expressing Conditions:Using OTHERWISE and OR [ELSE])
9-10 關係詞小結:因果、對立、條件
( Summary of Relationship Words: Cause and Effect,
Opposition,Condition)
9-11 舉例
(Giving Examples)
9--12 延續同一概念
(Continuing the Same Idea)
第十章 條件句
(Conditional Sentences)
10--1 條件句中動詞基本形式與用法小結
( Summary of Basic Verb Form Usage in Conditional
Sentences)
10-2 現在或將來的真實條件
(True in the Present or Future)
10--3 現在和將來的非真實條件(與事實相反)
(Untrue in the Present and Future:Contrary to Fact)
10-4 過去的非真實條件(與事實相反)
(Untrue in the Past:Contrary to Fact)
10-5 進行時動詞形式的用法
(Using Progressive Verb Forms)
10-6 條件句中“混閤時間”的用法
(Using“Mixed Time” in Conditional Sentences)
10-7 COULD,MIGHT與SHOULD的用法
( Using COULD, MIGHT and SHOULD)
10-8 IF的省略
( Omitting IF)
10-9 暗含的條件
(Implied Conditions)
10-10 WISH後麵的動詞形式
( Verb Forms Following WISH)
10-11 用WOULD錶達有關將來的願望
(Using WOULD to Make Wishes about the Future)
10-12 AS IF/AS THOUGH的用法
(Using AS IF/AS THOUGH)
附錄1 增補語法單元
( Supplementary Grammar Units)
A單元:基本語法術語
( Basic Grammar Terminology)
A-1 主語、動詞與賓語
(Subjects,Verbs,and Objects)
A-2 介詞與介詞短語
(Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases)
A-3 形容詞
(Adjectives)
A-4 副詞
(Adverbs)
A-5 動詞BE
( The Verb BE)
A-6 係動詞
(Linking Verbs)
A-7人稱代詞
(Personal Pronouns)
A-8 縮略式
(Contractions)
B單元:疑問句
( Questions)
B-1 一般疑問句與特殊疑問句的形式
( Forms of YES/NO and Information Questions)
B-2 疑問詞
(Question Words)
B-3 否定疑問句
(Negative Questions)
B-4 反意疑問句
( Tag Questions)
C單元:否定句
(Negatives)
C-1 NOT與其他否定詞的用法
( Using NOT and Other Negative Words)
C-2 避免“重復兩次否定”
(Avoding “Double Negatives”)
C-3 以否定詞開頭的句子
(Beginning a Sentence with a Negative word)
D單元:冠詞
(Articles)
D-1 冠詞的基本用法
(Basic Article Usage)
D-2 冠詞用法的基本原則
( General Guidelines for Article Usage)
附錄2 介詞組閤
(Preposition Combinations)
含形容詞和動詞的介詞組閤
(Preposition Combinations with Adjectives and Verbs)
短語動詞(由兩個詞或三個詞組成的多詞動詞)
(Phrasal Verbs:Two-Word and Three-Word Verbs)
附錄3 寫作錯誤的批改原則
(Guide for Correcting Writing Errors)
英文索引
(Index in English)
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