你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2

出版者:中国人民大学出版社

作者:[英] 朱利安·巴吉尼

页数:272

译者:游伟

出版时间:2012-7-26

价格:49.90元

isbn号码:9787300150802

具体描述

《你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗2：大论战中常见的思维陷阱》是思维大师朱立安•巴吉尼继畅销书《你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？》之后的又一部力作。这部具有颠覆性与挑战性的作品揭露了热门论战中的8种思维陷阱，破解了那些看似有理，实则糟糕的谬误言论。

《你以为2》中标举了近百个精彩热点的实例，如“一只中了彩票的鸭子”“用iPod的贫困儿童”“我没有和莱温斯基发生性关系”等等，从独特的视角讨论普遍出现的思维模式与思维偏差；让你认识到自己所具备的判别能力，考察是否因扭曲事实与证据相信了你想要相信的，而不是你应该相信的。

[编辑推荐]

★英国《哲学家杂志》创办人、TED著名演讲人巴吉尼力作。揭露大论战中的8种思维陷阱，破解看似有理，实则糟糕的谬误言论。

★ 中国传媒大学副教授、著名节目主持人张绍刚，专文推荐

★ 以最具热点争议的实例，诠释思维谬误所在。每篇都以一个热点实例为切入点，通过细致分析，揭示出其中包含的逻辑问题，深入浅出地指出思维上的谬误。

★ 全面且独特的视角，帮你开发思维潜力。让你认识到自己所具备的判别能力，考察是否因扭曲事实与证据相信了你想要相信的，而不是你应该相信的。

作者简介

朱利安•巴吉尼（Julian Baggini）

★《哲学家杂志》共同创办人、主编，英国知名的畅销哲普作家，TED大会著名演讲人。所著《你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？》持续热卖。

★哲学博士，定期为《卫报》《独立报》《泰晤士报》《展望》及《新人文》等著名报刊、杂志撰稿，并且是英国广播公司第四电台的固定嘉宾。

★《卫报》称赞他：“拥有一颗清明的心智，这使得他在哲学普及书籍的领域中格外杰出。”

目录信息

引言 一只中了百万彩票的鸭子 [后此谬误]
第1章 鸡同鸭讲 --- 我说事实，你谈看法
1..我就是不相信它 [诉诸无知]
2.做无规律运动的绵羊 [伪科学]
3．不那么精彩的语录体 [空洞的假智慧]
4．占星术与大规模杀伤武器 [确信偏见]
5.为什么50%的人不相信进化论 [不确定性论点]
6.谁说吸烟能致命 [质疑真理]
7. 上帝不骑驯鹿 [丧失论点]
8. 管好你家的约翰逊 [语境误解]
第2章 鸭烂嘴巴硬 --- 我强辩，我生存
1. 布莱尔不卖军火，小布什也会卖 [非我即你]
2.用ipod的贫困儿童 [公平的规定]
3．支持小布什，还是恐怖分子 [假二歧分枝式]
4. 被强奸是自食其果吗 [道德责任]
5. 英雄主义与人道主义 [推理的盲点]
6.你应该长到两米四 [应当的逻辑]
7．在太阳升起的时候吃饱 [错误的归纳]
8. 男扮女装与女扮男装 [彼此彼此]
9.如果我当时知道 [事后合理化]
10. 不断上升的最低失业率 [回归谬误]
11．人类生来就有罪 [解释的逻辑]
12.向血汗工厂感恩 [聊胜于无]
第3章 鸭声鸡斗 --- 你方唱罢我登场
1.自来水是用来浇花的 [事半功倍]
2.伊丽莎白二世其实是一只蜥蜴 [有权表达]
3.我没有和莱温斯基发生性关系 [不完全事实]
4． 我知道上帝的思想 [对事不对人]
5. 不可能的飞行器 [没有合理解释]
6. 堕胎不关红衣主教的事 [谁说了算]
7． 中庸不需要申请 [扭曲均衡]
8．把所有的东西扭成一团 [虚假简化]
9．抱怨太多的女人 [动机猜测]
10.大气碳层的臭氧空洞 [模糊边界]
第4章 鸭唇不对马嘴 --- 我说东来，你说西
1.吃奶酪的投降猴子 [断章取义]
2.吃掉你家的转基因食品 [无前提推论]
5. 在100%不含脂肪的纸张上印刷 [可疑的优点]
4．如果不是全坏，那肯定是全好 [部分防御≠支持]
5.古老的东西都是好的 [过时谬误]
6. 偷窥狂的特许令 [无辜者无畏]
7. 这本书什么都没教给我 [选择语言]
第5章 指鸭为马 --- 你以为的就是你以为的吗
1.希拉里的外衣与乳沟 [巧妙的破坏]
2. 己所不欲，勿施于人 [愿意不愿意]
3. 胎儿是一团细胞还是一个人 [灰色区域]
4.牛奶是奶牛的 [起因谬误]
5.发放紧急避孕药的言外之意 [信息传达错误]
6. 听莫扎特的人不会抢老太太 [关联与因果]
7.地球上到处是外星人 [逻辑一致]
8. 与稻草人的论争 [稻草人谬误]
9．用波斯语把以色列从地图上抹去 [言外之意]
第6章 鸭假虎威 --- 看谁比我更冠冕堂皇
1. 情调音乐暗示的魔力 [嘘狗策略]
2. 谁发动了伊拉克战争 [民主本质]
3 . 希特勒是个素食主义者 [牵连犯罪]
4. 人们有权挖掘埋地万年的猛犸象吗 [打权利牌]
5．禁止开车与安全 [预防原则]
6. 不和弗洛伊德叔叔说话就是忠于父亲 [忠诚与正义]
7. 巧克力比接吻更能获得满足感 [何人得益]
8．二氧化碳排放量对经济增长的影响 [达成平衡]
9. 癌症死亡率的下降和谁有关 [居功的效果]
10. 两天内录制的最伟大唱片 [混淆事实]
第7章 鸭子忧天 --- 我不吓你我吓唯
1.2020欧洲末日 [附加条件]
2. 成功者与失败者的数量 [零和博弈]
3．卖淫只是一种临时过渡 [知情同意]
4. 总统都使用核威慑来维持和平 [假设性问题]
5．可怕的都不可能是真实的 [自我欺骗]
6. 汉堡包海洛因 [类比争论]
7. 能够相信转基因食品的安全保证吗 [怀疑态度]
8. 美国难道也是恐怖主义 [偶殊谬误]
第8章 掩耳盗鸭 --- 好事归我，坏事归你
1.抛100次硬币正面朝上的概率 [赌徒谬论]
2. 成为杀人犯纯属偶然 [加强限制]
3.咖啡灌肠法攻克了癌症 [回避问题]
4. 强奸是天然的生物现象 [解释与辩护]
5. 戴安娜早就预见了致命的车祸 [预测能力]
6．我就知道他们会这么说 [免错申明]
7．与“漏洞先生”不谋而合 [合法与道德]
8．单亲家庭背负的骂名 [数据分解]
9．找不到的武器 [举出反证]
10. 该死的谎言与统计数据 [滥用数据]
11．牛津大学有多大 [范畴错误]
结语 最后一句话 [合理自信]
致谢
译者后记
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

起初，看到这个超级书名，真是有点犯晕了。《你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？》想表达的是啥？是想纠正我们的意识错乱还是价值混乱呢？真不大好说。无独有偶，书评家黄集伟也有类似的感觉：我就想，是啊是啊，那啥那啥，我以为我以为的，还真不是我以为的；或者，也仅仅是我...  

这是一本有趣的逻辑思维游戏书。读起来，感觉作者就坐在你的对面，气氛轻松，他自信随和，眼里闪着一些狡黠，跟你玩逻辑游戏。若你不加思索的答题，很快就会发现你掉坑了！有些测试结果甚至让你大吃一惊。关于神、关于艺术、关于自由、关于道德的观点真是你自以为的那样...  

“你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？”最开始看到这句非常绕的话是在一本名叫《看不见的大猩猩》的书里，这本书同样是由湛庐文化出版的。当时对这句话印象很深，以致于我在和别人辩论的时候就是用这句话结尾的。事实上，很多人说出来的和自己真正所想的并不一样，这个“说”不仅...  

在写这本书名非常绕嘴的《你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？》的评论之前，刚刚看到一条新闻，说是英国首相卡梅伦携同家人到酒吧用餐，直到回家后才发觉，竟然将八岁的女儿南希给落在了酒吧里。原来他们夫妇两人分乘两辆车回程，彼此都以为女儿在对方的车上，结果发生了这样的事...  

很基础的哲学读物，这本书带给我的第一个震憾并吸引我继续读下去的是第一章，哲学健康检查---我有自己的观点，但我自己不一定都赞同。一个测试下来，发现自己真是思维混乱得可以，用一句话来总结，就是道理虽然都懂，但面对具体的问题，我们会是另外的选择。这本书对我的最大意...  

用户评价

The sheer audacity of the title, "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", is what drew me in. It’s a bold declaration, a direct challenge to our comfortable complacency. We are creatures of habit, and often, our habits extend to our thinking patterns. We get stuck in our ways, convinced that our perspective is the only valid one. This book seems to be a call to arms against that intellectual inertia. I’m particularly curious about how the author will tackle the subtle ways in which our assumptions can subtly guide our interactions and shape our relationships. It’s easy to understand when someone overtly misinterprets something, but what about the ingrained biases we carry, the unspoken expectations we project onto others? These are the more insidious forms of "以为" that can lead to misunderstandings and friction. I hope this book provides practical strategies for identifying and navigating these often-unseen currents in our communication. I'm not looking for a book that will tell me what to think, but rather one that will teach me *how* to think more effectively about my own thought processes. The "2" in the title also suggests a maturity of thought, a deeper exploration of the complexities introduced in a prior installment, which implies a rich and layered discussion that I am eager to engage with. It promises to be a stimulating intellectual journey.

The title "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2" is so inviting and yet so challenging. It’s the kind of title that makes you stop and think, "Hmm, maybe I *don't* know as much as I think I do." This is precisely what draws me to it. We live in a world that often rewards confidence, even when that confidence is misplaced. This book seems to champion a different kind of wisdom: the wisdom of doubt, of humility, of a constant willingness to learn and adapt. I’m especially interested in how it might delve into the social construction of reality – how our shared "以为" can create collective illusions or biases that influence entire communities or societies. How do we identify and challenge these larger, ingrained assumptions? I anticipate that the book will offer insights into fostering critical thinking not just in ourselves, but also in encouraging it in others. The "2" in the title suggests a progression, perhaps a deeper dive into the implications of these cognitive tendencies, which only amplifies my eagerness to explore its contents. It feels like the perfect book to accompany me on a journey of lifelong learning and self-discovery.

When I first encountered "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", I was immediately intrigued by its interrogative nature. It’s a title that doesn't just present a statement, but rather invites a dialogue, a challenge to the reader's own mental landscape. We live in an era where information is abundant, but discerning truth from falsehood, or even just understanding different perspectives, can be incredibly difficult. This book, I believe, is a tool for sharpening that discernment. I’m particularly interested in how it might explore the concept of "confirmation bias" – our tendency to seek out and interpret information in a way that confirms our existing beliefs. How can we break free from that echo chamber effect? I anticipate that the book will offer strategies for actively seeking out dissenting opinions and for engaging with them in a constructive manner, rather than defensively. The "2" in the title also suggests a deepening of this exploration, perhaps moving from individual thought processes to their impact on relationships or even larger societal structures. This promises a rich and layered discussion that I am eager to unpack. It feels like the kind of book that could fundamentally alter how I approach learning and understanding.

This title, "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", immediately resonated with me on a deeply personal level. It speaks to the inherent human tendency to construct our own realities based on our perceptions, experiences, and the information we consume. We build intricate mental models, and then we often mistake these models for the absolute truth. I'm particularly interested in how this book might explore the origins of our "以为" (beliefs/assumptions). Are they formed through our upbringing, societal influences, personal traumas, or a combination of all these factors? The prospect of dissecting these foundational beliefs is both daunting and exciting. It implies a willingness to confront potentially uncomfortable truths about ourselves and the world around us. I'm not looking for a book that offers simplistic answers or platitudes. Instead, I crave a nuanced exploration that encourages introspection and critical analysis. I want to understand the mechanisms by which our beliefs are formed, how they influence our decisions, and, crucially, how we can challenge and potentially reshape them when they no longer serve us. The "2" in the title suggests that this isn't just a superficial skim, but a more in-depth examination, perhaps building upon concepts introduced in a previous work, which only heightens my anticipation for a profound and transformative reading experience. I envision this book as a catalyst for significant personal growth, pushing me to question the very fabric of my understanding.

This title, "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", is a masterstroke in capturing a universal human foible. We are all, to some extent, prisoners of our own perspectives. We build castles of belief on foundations that we rarely inspect. The invitation to question those foundations is, for me, incredibly powerful. I’m particularly curious about how this book might explore the role of emotional reasoning in shaping our "以为." Our feelings can often masquerade as facts, leading us down paths that are driven more by emotion than by objective analysis. How can we learn to differentiate between genuine insight and emotional projection? I hope the book provides a roadmap for developing greater emotional intelligence and applying it to our cognitive processes. The "2" in the title implies a more advanced or perhaps a more application-oriented approach to these concepts, suggesting that it will offer practical guidance for navigating real-world scenarios. I’m looking forward to a book that is both intellectually stimulating and practically useful, helping me to become a more discerning and self-aware individual. It feels like a significant opportunity for personal growth.

这本书名真是抓住了我，让我忍不住想一探究竟。“你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2”——光是这个标题，就足以引发我内心深处无数的哲学思考。我们常常固执于自己的认知，认为自己所看到、所理解的就是事实的全部，却很少停下来审视，那些“以为”是否真的可靠。生活中有太多我们习以为常的观念，它们如同空气一样弥漫在我们周围，我们甚至不曾怀疑过它的真实性。这本书就像一个温柔而犀利的提问者，它不直接给出答案，而是鼓励我们去挖掘，去质疑，去探索那些隐藏在表象之下的真相。我期待它能带领我穿越那些习惯性的思维藩篱，看到一个更广阔、更 nuanced 的世界。也许，它会颠覆我一些根深蒂固的认知，迫使我去重新评估我一直以来所坚信的东西。这种挑战本身就充满吸引力，因为真正的成长往往就发生在舒适区的边缘。我希望这本书能够提供一些新的视角，一些能够启发我思考的方法，让我能够更清晰地认识自己，认识我与世界的关系。它不仅仅是一本书，更像是一场心灵的探险，一次自我认知的升级，我很期待，也非常好奇，这本书将会如何引导我的思维走向。

Upon seeing "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", my mind immediately went to all the times I've been proven wrong, often spectacularly so, simply because I was too entrenched in my own assumptions. It’s a universal human experience, isn't it? We build elaborate narratives in our heads, filling in the blanks with what we *think* is happening, and then we act as if those narratives are gospel. This book seems like a vital antidote to that tendency. I’m keen to explore how it might delve into the psychological underpinnings of why we cling so tightly to our initial interpretations, even when evidence suggests otherwise. Is it ego? Is it a fear of uncertainty? Or is it simply a cognitive shortcut that our brains are wired to take? Understanding these mechanisms would be incredibly valuable. I’m not expecting a simple “how-to” guide, but rather a thoughtful exploration that encourages self-reflection and offers frameworks for critical thinking. The "2" implies a continued, perhaps more advanced, discussion on these themes, which suggests a depth I’m eager to uncover. I anticipate that this book will challenge me to be more open-minded, more adaptable in my thinking, and ultimately, more accurate in my understanding of both myself and the world. It feels like the kind of book that stays with you long after you've finished reading it.

The title "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2" is so perfectly crafted to make one pause and reflect. It’s a gentle yet insistent prod to examine our own certainty. We often operate under the illusion of knowing, convinced that our understanding is complete and accurate. This book, by its very framing, seems dedicated to unraveling that illusion. I’m particularly interested in how it might address the impact of language and framing on our perception. The words we use, the stories we tell ourselves and others, can significantly shape what we believe to be true. How can we become more aware of the subtle ways our own language might be reinforcing limiting assumptions? I hope the book offers practical ways to reframe our thinking and approach situations with a greater sense of curiosity rather than conviction. The "2" in the title suggests a continuation and perhaps an expansion of these ideas, promising a more mature and comprehensive exploration of the topic. This is not just about questioning facts, but about questioning the very foundations of our understanding, and I find that immensely compelling. It’s the kind of intellectual work that truly resonates.

读到“你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2”这个书名，我 immediately felt a kinship with the author. We live in a world that bombards us with information, opinions, and expectations, making it incredibly easy to get caught in a loop of unexamined beliefs. It's like we're all wearing glasses that distort reality, but we've become so accustomed to the distortion that we no longer notice it. This book, I suspect, is about taking off those glasses, or at least learning to adjust them. I'm particularly drawn to the idea of questioning our own assumptions. How many times have we acted based on a hunch, a gut feeling, or what we "know" to be true, only to find out later that we were completely off the mark? It’s humbling, and also a little frightening, to consider how much our reality is shaped by our subjective interpretations. I'm hoping this book will offer practical tools and thought-provoking exercises that can help me identify these blind spots in my own thinking. It’s not about becoming cynical or distrustful, but rather about cultivating a healthy skepticism, a willingness to question not just others, but most importantly, ourselves. The "2" in the title also suggests a progression, a deeper dive into these concepts, which makes me even more eager to delve into its pages and see what new layers of understanding it will unveil. I anticipate a journey of self-discovery that will leave me more equipped to navigate the complexities of life with a clearer and more critical mind.

The title, "你以为你以为的就是你以为的吗？2", struck me as incredibly profound and relevant to modern life. We are constantly being fed information, opinions, and narratives, and it's so easy to absorb them without critical evaluation, allowing them to shape our own "以为." This book, by its very nature, seems to be a profound exploration of cognitive biases and the construction of reality. I’m particularly drawn to the idea of exploring how our personal histories and experiences contribute to these deeply ingrained assumptions. How do our past successes and failures, our traumas and triumphs, subtly influence the way we perceive new situations? I hope the book provides insights into recognizing these influences and developing a more objective lens. It’s not about discarding our experiences, but about understanding how they filter our present understanding. The "2" in the title suggests a progression, perhaps building on foundational concepts to explore more nuanced applications or even societal implications, which makes me believe this will be a truly comprehensive and insightful read. I’m looking forward to a journey that challenges my preconceived notions and equips me with a sharper mind for navigating the complexities of life and information.

全书只有张绍刚写的序好看点，我是这样以为的。

我们在论战中都会有意或无意的利用这些陷阱。发表文章，断章取义都是缺席审判。字里行间的逻辑陷阱比比皆是。

读起来及其不通畅

#思维方式# #认知偏差# 这本和那个The Art of Thinking Clearly也太像了吧，都是通过事例讲大概100种不那么严谨分类的思维谬误。。语言是那种英式反讽和幽默，加上各种烧脑的逻辑弯弯，就显得不那么清晰了

有空写写笔记