From the smallest of the atoms to the grandest of galaxies, every thing in the universe has its history. The known history of civilized peoples on this planet is no different, and yet each of us can touch no more than the smallest part of it. It is through books such as this one, which cover a comprehensive span of our history, that we are able to acquaint ourselves with the great, and some not so great, civilizations that preceded our own. From the early stone age, the great civilizations of Babylonia and Sumeria, the era of pyramid building, and the Hebrew and Persian empires, to the better-known republics of the Greek and Romans; these advanced cultures helped to provide a basic understanding of who we are as a species.
The varied ways in which these previous cultures have influenced successive descents is nearly unlimited. The earliest of civilized man brought us an understanding of fire and manufactured tools. From these early beginnings, the more advanced cultures, which begin our recorded history, have contributed greatly to our society. For example, the first recorded civilization on earth, the Sumerians, provided the basis for our modern-day writing, agriculture, astronomy, mathematics, calendar, numeral system, time reckoning, educational institutions, our code of laws, construction trades, metallurgy, art, and religion. They were they masters of invention, science, industry, and of exploration, which is important, because all that we have, and are, come from these sources.
Our predecessors have helped man become a master of nature and to extend his physical abilities beyond the norm. We can only hope that the achievements and advancement of knowledge will be duly recorded for future generations and for the future of mankind. As a professor of Oriental History and Egyptology at the University of Chicago in the 1920s, Professor James Henry Breasted provides a qualified historical perspective and a sound account of the achievements of Western civilization. This book was skillfully written from the author’s vast wisdom and scholarship of the nations of the world. In the past, the teaching of history has so often lacked both the scope and comprehensiveness that this small volume offers. For this reason, this book will make a fine addition to any library on ancient history. ISBN 1-59016-083-5 o 320 pages o 6 x 9 o tradepaper o illustrated.
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这本书的价值,我认为远远超越了一本普通的“历史概览”。它更像是一扇通往我们自身文化源头的窗口。作者在全书的最后部分,对古代世界的遗产进行了总结,他将那些早期的法律条文、数学发现、甚至是一些哲学思辨,与我们现代社会的基础进行了令人深思的对比。这种回溯与连接的艺术,处理得非常高明,既没有陷入空泛的自夸,也没有过度自卑,而是客观地展示了人类文明的迭代过程。我特别喜欢其中一个观点,即“古代的终结并非一个突然的断裂,而是一系列缓慢的融合与重塑”。读完之后,我感觉自己看待世界的方式都发生了一些微妙的变化,看新闻时,看社会现象时,似乎都能隐约捕捉到那些远古时代留下的回响。这本厚重的著作,留给读者的思考远比它所传授的知识本身更为宝贵和深远。
评分说实话,这本书的深度和广度都超出了我的预期。我原本以为它会集中于某个特定的地理区域或时间段,但它却像一张铺展开来的古老地图,清晰地标示出从黎凡特海岸到印度河流域的互动网络。我尤其欣赏作者处理“跨文化交流”问题时的平衡感。他没有使用任何带有现代偏见的视角去评判古代社会的习俗,而是以一种近乎人类学的客观和尊重,去呈现那些在今天看来或许匪夷所思的制度和信仰。例如,书中对苏美尔城邦间复杂联盟与战争的分析,既展现了人类早期政治智慧的萌芽,也揭示了资源竞争的永恒主题。这本书的行文结构非常精妙,每一章的过渡都像是河流汇入大海,自然而然,逻辑链条极其严密,即便是初次接触这个领域的读者,也能轻松跟上作者的思路,不会感到迷失方向。它不仅仅是历史的陈述,更像是一部关于人类早期集体智慧的汇编。
评分我是一个对细节有着近乎偏执要求的人,历史书籍尤其如此。这本书在史料的严谨性上,无疑达到了一个极高的标准,但我得说,它最让我感到惊喜的是其叙事节奏的把控。它知道何时该放慢脚步,细致入微地描绘某一特定发明(比如青铜冶炼技术的扩散),又知道何时该迅速拉升镜头,概览数百年间的王朝更迭。这种抑扬顿挫的处理,使得长达数千年的跨度读起来竟然有种“一气呵成”的畅快感。在描述古埃及的法老统治时,作者没有落入歌颂或批判的窠臼,而是冷静地分析了中央集权是如何建立,以及这种权力结构如何通过宗教仪式被巧妙地维护和神圣化。他甚至探讨了那些在历史记载中常常被忽略的工匠阶层的生活状态,这让整个古代世界图景变得立体而丰满,不再是只有帝王和神祇的扁平世界。
评分我必须承认,我对古代史一直抱持着一种敬而远之的态度,总觉得那是学者们深埋故纸堆里的枯燥学问。然而,这本书彻底颠覆了我的固有认知。它最成功之处在于,它没有陷入那种学院派特有的、过度引经据典的泥潭,反而以一种近乎散文诗般的语言,勾勒出了古代世界壮丽的画卷。尤其是关于爱琴海文明的章节,作者的笔触变得极其细腻和富有想象力。他对米诺斯宫殿的描述,那种对色彩、光影和建筑结构的拿捏,简直就像一个顶级的导游,带领着你穿梭于克诺索斯迷宫之中。更令人称道的是,作者在探讨这些早期城邦的兴衰时,展现出惊人的洞察力,他将气候变化、贸易路线的变迁,与帝国的更迭巧妙地结合在一起,使得历史的必然性显得如此清晰可见,却又充满悲剧的美感。读完这一部分,我感到自己对“文明的脆弱性”有了更深一层的理解,那种震撼是单纯的知识输入无法比拟的。
评分这本书的封面设计得极为雅致,那种带着岁月痕迹的米黄色纸张,配合着烫金的古朴字体,一下子就把人拉回到了那个遥远而宏大的时空背景之中。我刚翻开第一页,就被作者那娓娓道来的叙事笔触深深吸引住了。他似乎不是在罗列冰冷的史实,而是在讲述一出部波澜壮阔的史诗。书中对美索不达米亚平原上那些早期文明的描绘,尤其精彩,没有冗长晦涩的政治斗争细节,而是聚焦于他们的日常生活、他们如何学会了灌溉、如何创造了最初的文字。我仿佛能闻到尼罗河畔泥土的芬芳,感受到金字塔建造者们烈日下的汗水。作者对早期神话体系的梳理,更是清晰得令人拍案叫绝,他巧妙地将不同地域的创世故事串联起来,揭示了人类共同的对未知世界的敬畏与探索欲。读起来一点都不觉得枯燥,那些晦涩的年代和人名,都被作者赋予了鲜活的生命力,让人忍不住一页接一页地读下去,仿佛在与那位远古的智者进行一场跨越千年的对话。那种沉浸式的阅读体验,是我近年来接触到的历史读物中少有的。
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