Mancur Lloyd Olson, Jr. (pronounced /ˈmænsər/ or /ˈmæŋkər/; January 22, 1932 – February 19, 1998) was a leading American economist and social scientist who, at the time of his death, worked at the University of Maryland, College Park. Among other areas, he made contributions to institutional economics on the role of private property, taxation, public goods, collective action and contract rights in economic development. Olson focused on the logical basis of interest group membership and participation. The reigning political theories of his day granted groups an almost primordial status. Some appealed to a natural human instinct for herding, others ascribed the formation of groups that are rooted in kinship to the process of modernization. Olson offered a radically different account of the logical basis of organized collective action.
发表于2024-12-27
Power And Prosperity 2024 pdf epub mobi 电子书
[美]曼瑟·奥尔森,上海世纪出版集团,2005. “扩展市场型政府”(market-augmenting government):一个政府如果有足够的权力来保护个人的财产权利,并且能够强制执行各种契约,与此同时又受到约束无法剥夺或侵犯私人权利。市场经济国家经济繁荣的两个条件:可靠而界定清晰的...
评分作者非常善于用寓言的方式深入浅出地介绍思想。开篇那个关于强盗的例子很传神,强盗倾向于抢走所有东西,因为其受益是100%,而其损失(整个社会的损失摊到他头上的那一部分)非常之小。而专制政府或者独裁者甚至黑社会则不然,因为其需要控制下的人们长期带来利益,所以需要一...
评分 评分这本书的核心要义是系统阐释了为什么有些国家贫困而有些国家繁荣。作者特别列举了苏联解体及 东欧巨变后各个国家在经济发展领域的不同表现,其结果引发人们的思考,特别是共产主义与市场资本如何共同发展。按照作者给出的逻辑公式,即只有民主和法制的社会制度和政府之下,经济...
评分尽管“流寇”与“坐寇”的比喻听上去很坏,但奥尔森的本意在说明类似“坐寇”的国家是必要的恶,沿袭了自由主义的思想。他提出了encompassing interest的概念,即统治的贼寇与被统治者是有共容的利益的,占有和长期徐徐地压榨对统治者来说是有利的,被统治者也需要force来保护...
图书标签: 政治经济学 政治学 奥尔森 经济学 politics economics prosperity power
This final work by a world-renowned economist will take its place among the classics of political economy Why do some economies do better than others? How does society encourage the kind of market economy that generates continually increasing incomes? How do particular styles of government affect economic performance? World-renowned economist Mancur Olson tackles these questions and others in what will surely be regarded as his magnum opus. Olson contends that governments can play an essential role in the development of markets. Reliable enforcement of private contracts and protection of individual rights to property depend on governments strong enough not to undermine them. His exploration of "market-augmenting governments" will stand as a cutting-edge work on economic growth and provide a useful framework in which to consider the Asian financial crisis and its aftermath. As Susan Lee noted in Forbes, "his pioneering insights might have won a Nobel Prize for Olson had he lived a bit longer." "Power and Prosperity is an important book, written with clarity and verve. It is a great misfortune that Mancur Olson is not here to respond to the debates that it will surely provoke." -The Wall Street Journal
奥尔森遗作,据前言说算是未完成。他猝逝后学界惋惜其未能得诺贝尔经济学奖,这我同意;不过此书略失望。在这里他把抽象归纳和演绎方法推到了极致,但太多的归纳演绎都是就某个特殊现象去即时推导,没有了集体行动的逻辑中那种以数个简洁预设统率全书的框架。他孜孜不倦地证明分权民主制度和私有财产权能产生具有广泛的涵盖性利益的民主多数,这种个人利益与社会利益聚合的观点其实诺斯早在20年前的制度经济学论述中已经说过了。他对民主制度、财产权、政府、法治的解释基本是功能性的:因为无政府状态下的缺陷能被它们弥补所以它们存在,这实在是ad hoc的证明。而且他论证起点是已经存在成形制的统治团体(黑帮与政府对比),没有深入考察无政府状态中自发合作演进、维持与逐步形成第三方监管的需要,即合作的演进—他没有引用过这本书。
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评分尽管“流寇”与“坐寇”的比喻听上去很坏,但奥尔森的本意在说明类似“坐寇”的国家是必要的恶,沿袭了自由主义的思想。他提出了encompassing interest的概念,即统治的贼寇与被统治者是有共容的利益的,占有和长期徐徐地压榨对统治者来说是有利的,被统治者也需要force来保护自己不受第三方的侵害,两者利益的相容(实际上是统治者对被统治者的利益覆盖)让统治得以维系。作者特别论述了majority和autocrat的统治上的不同,前者之所以更好,是因为它不会像后者一样实行其最优税率——多数人倾向于少收税、且投入再分配的资产肯定比喜独占的autocrat多。但无论是哪种,国家在使用权力时,都会有限地夺取,并且出于私利提供公共产品,促进繁荣,是之谓其标题。
评分尽管“流寇”与“坐寇”的比喻听上去很坏,但奥尔森的本意在说明类似“坐寇”的国家是必要的恶,沿袭了自由主义的思想。他提出了encompassing interest的概念,即统治的贼寇与被统治者是有共容的利益的,占有和长期徐徐地压榨对统治者来说是有利的,被统治者也需要force来保护自己不受第三方的侵害,两者利益的相容(实际上是统治者对被统治者的利益覆盖)让统治得以维系。作者特别论述了majority和autocrat的统治上的不同,前者之所以更好,是因为它不会像后者一样实行其最优税率——多数人倾向于少收税、且投入再分配的资产肯定比喜独占的autocrat多。但无论是哪种,国家在使用权力时,都会有限地夺取,并且出于私利提供公共产品,促进繁荣,是之谓其标题。
评分尽管“流寇”与“坐寇”的比喻听上去很坏,但奥尔森的本意在说明类似“坐寇”的国家是必要的恶,沿袭了自由主义的思想。他提出了encompassing interest的概念,即统治的贼寇与被统治者是有共容的利益的,占有和长期徐徐地压榨对统治者来说是有利的,被统治者也需要force来保护自己不受第三方的侵害,两者利益的相容(实际上是统治者对被统治者的利益覆盖)让统治得以维系。作者特别论述了majority和autocrat的统治上的不同,前者之所以更好,是因为它不会像后者一样实行其最优税率——多数人倾向于少收税、且投入再分配的资产肯定比喜独占的autocrat多。但无论是哪种,国家在使用权力时,都会有限地夺取,并且出于私利提供公共产品,促进繁荣,是之谓其标题。
Power And Prosperity 2024 pdf epub mobi 电子书