History of Political Ideas (Volume 2)

出版者:University of Missouri Press

作者:Eric Voegelin

页数:248pages

出版时间:December 1997

价格:$39.95

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780826211422

具体描述

Voegelin's magisterial account of medieval political thought opens with a survey of the structure of the period and continues with an analysis of the Germanic invasions, the fall of Rome, and the rise of empire and monastic Christianity. The political implications of Christianity and philosophy in the period are elaborated in chapters devoted to John of Salisbury, Joachim of Flora (Fiore), Frederick II, Siger de Brabant, Francis of Assisi, Roman law, and climaxing in a remarkable study of Saint Thomas Aquinas's mighty thirteenth-century synthesis.

Although History of Political Ideas was begun as a textbook for Macmillan, Voegelin never intended it to be a conventional chronological account. He sought instead an original comprehensive interpretation, founded on primary materials and taking into account the most advanced specialist scholarship—or science as he called it—available to him. Because of this, the book grew well beyond the confines of an easily marketable college survey and until now remained unpublished.

In the process of writing it, Voegelin himself outgrew the conceptual frame of a "History of Political Ideas," turning to compose Order and History and the other works of his maturity. History of Political Ideas became the ordered collection of materials from which much of Voegelin's later theoretical elaboration grew, structured in a manner that reveals the conceptual intimations of his later thought. As such, it provides an unparalleled opportunity to observe the working methods and the intellectual evolution of one of our century's leading political thinkers. In its embracing scope, History of Political Ideas contains both analyses of themes Voegelin developed in his later works and discussions of authors and ideas to which he did not return or which he later approached from a different angle and with a different emphasis.

The Middle Ages to Aquinas has withstood the test of time. What makes it still highly valuable is its thoroughly revisionist approach, cutting through all the convenient clichés and generalizations and seeking to establish the experiential underpinnings that typified the medieval period.

作者简介

About the Author

Eric Voegelin (1901-1985) was one of the most original and influential philosophers of our time. Born in Cologne, Germany, he studied at the University of Vienna, where he became a professor of political science in the Faculty of Law. In 1938, he and his wife, fleeing Hitler, emigrated to the United States. They became American citizens in 1944. Voegelin spent much of his career at Louisiana State University, the University of Munich, and the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. During his lifetime he published many books and more than one hundred articles. The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin will make available in a uniform edition all of Voegelin's major writings.

About the Editor

Peter von Sivers is Associate Professor of Middle Eastern history at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City.

目录信息

Part Three. Sacrum Imperium
1. Introduction 29
§1. The General Structure of the Middle Ages 29
§2. The Migrations 30
a. The Germanic Migration Process
b. The Asiatic Migration Process
c. The Germanic Migration Kingdoms
d. Peculiarities of the Frankish Foundation
§3. The Isolation of the West 33
§4. Spiritual Politics 36
§5. Consequences for the Presentation of Ideas 38
A. The Rise of Empire
2. The Germanic Tribes of the Migration 41
§1. General Structure of the Germanic Myth 41
§2. The Frankish Myth 42
§3. The Ostrogoth Myth 43
§4. The Burgundian Myth桾he Myth of the Defeat 45
§5. The Myth of the Defeat in Later German History of Ideas 46
§6. Kingship and National Existence 46
§7 Theory of Kingship in Later French History of Ideas 49
3. The New Empire 52
§1. The Transfer of Empire 52
§2. Gelasius桾he Separation of Spiritual and Temporal Powers 52
§3. The Western Reaction toward the Policy of Constantinople 54
§4. The Breakdown of Byzantine Power in the West 54
§5. The Legal Construction of the Roman Empire in the Migration Period 55
§6. The Rapprochement of the Papacy and the Frankish Power 57
§7. The Coronation of Charlemagne 58
§8. The Donation of Constantine 59
§9. The Territorial Church桾he Capitulary of 802 60
§10. Difference between the Western and Byzantine Dynamics of Empire 61
§11. The Integration of the Persona Regalis into the Mystical Body 62
§12. The Monasteries桾he Rule of Saint Benedict 63
4. The First Reform 65
§1. The Growth of an Evocation 65
a. A Model Case
b. The Tension between Idea and Reality
c. Domination of the Spirit
§2. The Waves of Monastic Reform 68
a. The Reform of Cluny桾he soveriegn Order
b. Anchoritic Reform桽piritual Intenseness
c. The Cistercian Reform桾he Charter of Charity
§3. The Spirit Militant 72
a. The Crusades
b. The Military Orders
aa. The Templars
bb. The Teutonic Order
cc. A Comparison: The Mystic-Warrior Ideal of Kamakura
dd. The Political Soldier
c. The Mendicant Orders
§4. The Investiture Controversy 81
a. Decline and Reform of the Papacy
b. The Problem of Simony桺eter Damian
c. Thge Pataria桞onizo of Sutri
d. The Controversy桺apal and Imperial Arguments
e. Gregory VII
§5. Cardinal Humbert 91
§6. The Tractatus Eboracenses 94
B. The Structure of the Saeculum
5. Introduction 105
§1. The New Forces 105
§2. The Saeculum Renascens 107
§3. The Problem of the Intramundane Order 109
§4. The Principal Questions 111
6. John of Salisbury 113
§1. The New Characterology 113
§2. Feudalism 117
§3. The Commonwealth 121
§4. Tyrannicide 122
7. Joachim of Fiore (Flora) 126
§1. The Structure of Christian History 126
§2. The Three Realms 128
§3. The Constant Elements of the New Political Speculation 130
a. The Meaning of History
b. The Function of the Political Thinker
c. The Leader of the Third Realm
§4. The Brotherhood of Autonomous Persons 132
8. Saint Francis 135
§1.The Praise of Virtues 135
§2. The Life of Poverty 137
§3. The Submission to the Church 138
§4. The Ecclesia of the Laymen 139
§5. The Conformance with Christ桸ature 140
§6. The Intramundane Christ 142
9. Frederick II 144
§1. The Peripeteia of the Empire 144
§2. The Constitutions of Melfi 149
§3. Caesarean Christianity 157
10.The Law 160
§1. Western Law and Roman Law 160
§2. The Myth of Roman Law 162
a. The Ciceronian Stratum of the Myth
b. The Codification of Justinian
aa. The Canonization of Roman Law
bb. The Christian Absolute Order
cc. The Amalgamation of the Roman and Christian Ideas
c. The Lex Generalis 桾he Expositio ad Librum Papiensem
§3. The Bolognese Revival 168
§4. Effects of the Revival 171
a. Influence on Legal Theory
b. Bologna and Imperial Politics
c. The Decretum Gratianum
d. The Constitutions of Melfi and the Extra
§5. The Deliberatio Papae of Innocent III 174
11. Siger de Brabant 178
§1. Aristotelianism 178
§2. Faylasuf 183
a. Greek Preformation of the Problem
b. Neoplatonic Mysticism in Arabic Aristotelianism
c. The Mythical Aristotle
d. The Faylasuf and Islamic Orthodoxy
§3. The Intellectual 187
a. The Western Philosopher and Christianity
b. Faith and Reason
c. The Praise of the Philosopher
d. The Intramundane Unit of the Species
e. Utilitarian Ethics
f. The Structure of Immanent History
g. Ethical Activism
§4. Poverty 198
a. The Ideal of Poverty
b. Gerard of Borgo San Donino桾he Evangelium Aeternum
c. William of Saint Amour桾he Ethics of Work
d. Bertrand of Bayonne桾he Spritual Hierarchy
e. Gérard of Abbeville桾he Episcopal Authority
§5. Conclusion桾he Foundation of the Political Renaissance 204
C. The Climax
12. Saint Thomas Aquinas 52
§1. History 207
a. Truth and Being
b. The Christian Intellectual
c. Faith and Reason
d. Intellectual Propaganda
e. The Hierarchies
f. The Evangelium Aeternum梂estern Imperialism
g. The Historical Mind
§2. Politics 215
a. The Reception of Artistotle桯umanism
b. The Dedication to Cyprus
c. The Prince桪ivine Analogue
d. The Community of Free Christians
e. The Theory of Constitutional Government
§3. Law 223
a. The Four Types of Law
b. The Definition of Law
c. The Theory of Natural Law
d. Human Law桺ositive Law
e. The Old Law桾he Property Society
f. The New Law桱ustification by Faith
§4. Conclusion 231
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

基督教帝国观念的需要，皇帝与教皇的地理距离、外围的迁徙造成帝国转移的需要，格拉西乌斯原则经受了多种历史存在的张力，索尔兹伯里的约翰与菲尔热的约阿希姆、圣方济，以及腓特烈二世，理性、哲学与信仰的突兀，德布拉邦的无为状态，圣徒镌刻的阿奎那-理性的超自然体系的动力...  

沃格林的著作有一种固定的模式，这个模式就是经常在他书中出现的一个词汇：存在的飞跃（leap of being）。他讲解的一个时代，在花费大量篇幅介绍该时代的主要表象，社会结构模式、权力的来源、思想侧重的方面，最后使这个时代陷入困顿的洪流是什么，又是什么力量将其摧毁，进入...  

基督教帝国观念的需要，皇帝与教皇的地理距离、外围的迁徙造成帝国转移的需要，格拉西乌斯原则经受了多种历史存在的张力，索尔兹伯里的约翰与菲尔热的约阿希姆、圣方济，以及腓特烈二世，理性、哲学与信仰的突兀，德布拉邦的无为状态，圣徒镌刻的阿奎那-理性的超自然体系的动力...  

该书的译者对西欧中世纪史的了解真的是让人诟病，看了八九十页就发现有很多专有名词都不是按照约定俗成的中午来翻译，更逗的是同一个名字前后还翻译成不一样的形式 索尔兹伯里的约翰John of Salisbury翻译成萨利斯博瑞的约翰也就算了，尤西比乌斯翻译成尤塞比乌斯也算了（p8....

基督教帝国观念的需要，皇帝与教皇的地理距离、外围的迁徙造成帝国转移的需要，格拉西乌斯原则经受了多种历史存在的张力，索尔兹伯里的约翰与菲尔热的约阿希姆、圣方济，以及腓特烈二世，理性、哲学与信仰的突兀，德布拉邦的无为状态，圣徒镌刻的阿奎那-理性的超自然体系的动力...  

用户评价

说实话，我买这本书完全是出于一种“补课”的心态，毕竟在大学时代错过了太多系统学习的机会。我原本以为我会读得磕磕绊绊，需要频繁地查阅名词解释，但这本书的结构安排简直是为自学者量身定做的。它并没有采取那种简单的时间线罗列法，而是采取了一种主题式的推进，这使得即便是跨越了数百年、不同地域的思想脉络，也能被清晰地梳理出来。比如，当涉及到启蒙运动时期关于社会契约的不同版本时，作者没有简单地并列康德、卢梭和霍布斯的观点，而是通过一个核心问题——“个体与国家关系的本质”——将他们串联起来，然后分析他们各自的逻辑起点和终极关怀有何不同。这种结构上的精妙设计，极大地减轻了读者的认知负担。我发现自己不再是被动地接收信息，而是主动地在不同思想体系之间进行比较和权衡。书中的论证逻辑非常严谨，每一个论点都有扎实的史料作为支撑，这让整个阅读过程充满了智力上的愉悦感。每一次读完一个部分，我都会停下来，在笔记本上画出思维导图，试图捕捉那些复杂关系网的一角。这本书的价值，不在于它提供了“标准答案”，而在于它提供了一套让你自己去构建复杂思想模型的工具。

我必须得提一下这本书的译文质量，这在严肃的学术翻译中是极其难得的。很多政治思想史的译本，为了追求对原意的绝对忠诚，往往牺牲了中文的流畅性，读起来就像是机器翻译的初稿，拗口且晦涩。但这本《政治思想史（卷二）》的译者显然是一位真正理解思想内涵的语言大师。他不仅准确地传达了那些18、19世纪德语或法语思想家特有的复杂句式和微妙的语境，更重要的是，他用一种非常地道且富有表现力的中文将其“重建”了出来。阅读时，我几乎忘记了自己是在阅读翻译作品，那些关于主权、义务、公民权利的辩论，清晰得仿佛是用现代汉语写成的哲学对话。这种高质量的翻译极大地降低了阅读的摩擦力，使得我可以更专注于思想本身，而不是在语言障碍上耗费精力。可以说，译者的功劳与原作者的贡献同等重要，正是他，才让这些跨越了语言鸿沟的思想财富得以在中国读者的心中生根发芽。对于非母语阅读者来说，拥有一个如此优秀的译本，是阅读这类复杂文本的幸运。

这本厚重的著作，在我案头已经静静地躺了快一个月了，我承认，我读得很慢，不是因为它枯燥，而是因为它太“费脑子”了，每翻过一页都需要深思熟虑。我通常只在晚上，等所有俗务都处理完毕，世界都安静下来的时候，才敢打开它。对我个人而言，它更像是一本哲学冥想录而非教科书。最让我感到震撼的是作者对激进主义思潮的剖析，那种对权力腐蚀性的深刻洞察，即便在今天这个信息爆炸的时代，读来依旧让人感到脊背发凉。书中对某些革命思潮的起源和演变进行了细致入微的描摹，让我清晰地认识到，即便是最美好的愿景，一旦脱离了对人性的清醒认知，就可能滑向可怕的深渊。作者展示的视角是残酷而真实的：思想的演进从来都不是线性的进步，而是螺旋上升、充满矛盾与自我否定的过程。这种对历史的“不友好”态度，反而让我更加信任作者的判断力。它强迫你直面人类政治理想的脆弱性，也让我对日常新闻中那些看似新鲜的口号有了更深层次的审视能力。阅读的过程，与其说是知识的积累，不如说是一种心性的锤炼。

这本书的封面设计非常引人注目，那种深沉的蓝色调配上烫金的字体，立刻就给人一种厚重、经典的感觉。我是在一家老旧的书店里偶然发现它的，当时光线有些昏暗，但这本书散发出的那种历史的沉淀感还是吸引了我。我原本对政治思想史抱有一种敬而远之的态度，总觉得那里面充斥着晦涩难懂的术语和枯燥的理论推演，但翻开这本《政治思想史》（第二卷）后，我的顾虑立刻消散了。作者的叙事方式如同一个经验丰富的老者，娓娓道来，将那些宏大的哲学思辨巧妙地编织进具体的历史背景之中。你不是在“学习”理论，而更像是在与那些伟大的思想家进行一场跨越时空的对话。比如，他对洛克自由主义的论述，不仅仅停留在天赋人权这样的抽象概念上，而是深入挖掘了当时英国的社会动荡如何催生了这些思想，以及这些思想又是如何反过来塑造了后来的政治实践。每一个章节的过渡都极其自然流畅，仿佛在走一条精心铺设的小径，让你在不知不觉中就领略了整个思想光谱的壮阔景象。我尤其欣赏作者对于思想的批判性继承，他从不盲目推崇，而是精准地指出每一种理论的局限性与时代的烙印，这种平衡的视角，使得阅读体验非常扎实，让人感到思想的重量和深度。

这本书的装帧和纸张手感也值得称赞。在这个数字阅读日益盛行的年代，拥有一本实体书的阅读体验变得尤为珍贵。这本书的纸张选得非常好，不是那种反光的亮面纸，而是略带粗粝感的哑光米白纸，墨色的文字印在上面，眼睛非常舒服，即便是长时间阅读也不会感到疲劳。更别提那种装订的结实程度了，我经常需要把书完全摊开，甚至折叠起来做笔记，但它始终保持着稳固，没有一页松动的迹象，这表明出版方在制作上投入了真正的匠心。这种物理上的质感，潜移默化地提升了阅读的仪式感。它提醒着你，你正在接触的不是一串流动的代码，而是经过时间沉淀和无数次人工雕琢的知识结晶。我甚至特意为它购置了一个沉重的黄铜书签，每次翻开它，那种带着轻微油墨香气的纸张气息，都像是一种邀请，邀请我进入那个充满理性光辉与权力斗争的宏大叙事中去。它放在书架上，本身就是一件艺术品，但其真正的价值，在于它提供的持续不断的智力陪伴。