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Four-fifths of Americans now live in the nation’s sprawling metropolitan areas, and half of the world’s population is now classified as "urban." As cities become the dominant living environment for humans, there is growing concern about how to make such places more habitable, more healthy and safe, more ecological, and more equitable—in short, more "humane."

This book explores the prospects for a more humane metropolis through a series of essays and case studies that consider why and how urban places can be made greener and more amenable. Its point of departure is the legacy of William H. Whyte (1917-1999), one of America’s most admired urban thinkers. From his eyrie high above Manhattan in the offices of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Whyte laid the foundation for today’s "smart growth" and "new urbanist" movements with books such as The Last Landscape (1968). His passion for improving the habitability of cities and suburbs is reflected in the diverse grassroots urban design and regreening strategies discussed in this volume.

Topics examined in this book include urban and regional greenspaces, urban ecological restoration, social equity, and green design. Some of the contributors are recognized academic experts, while others offer direct practical knowledge of particular problems and initiatives. The editor’s introduction and epilogue set the individual chapters in a broader context and suggest how the strategies described, if widely replicated, may help create more humane urban environments.

In addition to Rutherford H. Platt, contributors to the volume include Carl Anthony, Thomas Balsley, Timothy Beatley, Eugenie L. Birch, Edward J. Blakely, Colin M. Cathcart, Steven E. Clemants, Christopher A. De Sousa, Steven N. Handel, Peter Harnik, Michael C. Houck, Jerold S. Kayden, Albert LaFarge, Andrew Light, Charles E. Little, Anne C. Lusk, Thalya Parilla, Deborah E. Popper, Frank J. Popper, Mary V. Rickel, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Robert L. Ryan, Laurin N. Sievert, Andrew G. Wiley-Schwartz, and Ann Louise Strong.

Published in association with the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction: Humanizing the Exploding Metropolis • Rutherford H. Platt 1
Part I “The Man Who Loved Cities” 21
Whyte on Whyte: A Walk in the City • Eugenie L. Birch 25
Holly Whyte’s Journalism of Place • Charles E. Little 32
The Energizer • Ann Louise Strong 35
Sowing the Seeds • Thomas Balsley 37
The Wit and Wisdom of Holly Whyte • Albert LaFarge 38
Part II From City Parks to Regional Green Infrastructure 41
The Excellent City Park System: What Makes It Great and How to Get There Peter Harnik 47
The Role of Place Attachment in Sustaining Urban Parks Robert L. Ryan 61
Respecting Nature’s Design in Metropolitan Portland, Oregon Michael C. Houck 75
Promoting Health and Fitness through Urban Design • Anne C. Lusk 87
A Metropolitan New York Biosphere Reserve? • William D. Solecki and Cynthia Rosenzweig 102
Part III Restoring Urban Nature: Projects and Process 123
Restoring Urban Ecology: The New York–New Jersey Metropolitan Area Experience • Steven E. Clemants and Steven N. Handel 127
Urban Watershed Management: The Milwaukee River Experience Laurin N. Sievert 141
Green Futures for Industrial Brownfi elds • Christopher A. De Sousa 154
Ecological Citizenship: The Democratic Promise of Restoration Andrew Light 169
Part IV A More Humane Metropolis for Whom? 183
Race, Poverty, and the Humane Metropolis • Carl Anthony 187
Fortress America: Separate and Not Equal • Edward J. Blakely 197
“The Organization Man” in the Twenty-first Century: An Urbanist View Deborah E. Popper and Frank J. Popper 206
Sustainability Programs in the South Bronx • Thalya Parrilla 220
Part V Designing a More Humane Metropolis 231
The Smile Index • Andrew G. Wiley-Schwartz 235
Zoning Incentives to Create Public Spaces: Lessons from New York City Jerold S. Kayden 240
Criteria for a Greener Metropolis • Mary V. Rickel Pelletier 261
Building the Right Shade of Green • Colin M. Cathcart 278
Green Urbanism in European Cities • Timothy Beatley 297
Epilogue: Pathways to More Humane Urban Places • Rutherford H. Platt 315
About the Authors 323
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