The knowledge of new products and processes is key to success in modern international competition. Advances in technology, combined with the removal of trade barriers, have made imitation and reproduction very easy for intangible ideas. Hence, different kinds and degrees of intellectual protection across countries generate important distortions to genuine R&D and economic growth. A global governance of property rights on such intangible items is a pre-condition for markets to work. The articles in this book provide rigorous economic analyses of several issues involved, such as the different effects of the strengthening of national and international patent laws; patents as a strategic device in competition; open source software; litigation insurances; the pre-patent protection against industrial espionage in Europe and US; trade secret laws and US R competition policy and growth; collective property rights of "culture-based" goods and "traditional knowledge" goods.
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