The book is aimed to present fundamentals of design, processing, characterization, properties and applications of nanocomposites. The knowledge is useful for production managers and engineers who will make the transition from academic research into industrial mass production. This book provides an overview of this emerging technology and the future potential applications. It is intended as a basic reference handbook on the science and the fundamental engineering principles that lead to the fabrication and property evaluation of nanocomposite materials in different areas of materials science and technology. A few available books on nanocomposites are limited to one type of nanocomposites, e.g., polymer matrix nanocomposites, and recent research results. This book will introduce new concepts and fundamentals of nanocomposites as well as provide comprehensive treatment on interdisciplinary principles and methodology.