Baldness

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出版者:McFarland & Company
作者:Kerry Segrave
出品人:
页数:216
译者:
出版时间:2008-12-17
价格:USD 29.95
装帧:Paperback
isbn号码:9780786440795
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 脱发
  • 头皮护理
  • 头发健康
  • 男性健康
  • 女性健康
  • 医学
  • 健康
  • 美容
  • 自我保健
  • 养生
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具体描述

Ever feel like doing something really nasty to someone who makes a crack about your shining pate? According to Kerry Segrave, author of Baldness: A Social History (1996, McFarland), you’re not alone.

In the opening paragraph of the first chapter, Segrave relates the Old Testament story of the prophet Elisha, whose “overreaction” to taunting by a group of little children was to curse them in the name of the Lord, after which a she-bear came out of the woods and destroyed 42 of the little tykes.

Segrave also informs us that Elisha then went out and applied bear grease to his head, a supposed cure for baldness that remained popular all the way into the 16th century. Since there’s no more mention of him being mocked, Elisha surmises that the cure must have worked, although it could also be argued that maybe potential taunters just decided they could control their tongues rather than risk disembowelment by bear.

Baldness_bookcoverBecause it was written 14 years ago, Segrave’s book is not always au courant on all matters, but it’s an entertaining and informative read. The subject is strictly male pattern baldness, and in 170 pages (plus 23 pages of notes and a 14-page bibliography), Segrave delves into baldness in ancient times; baldness in current times; causes of and cures for baldness; head coverings; hair loss among celebrities and politicians; attitudes about baldness and, in one chapter all to itself, Rogaine.

That’s a lot of ground to cover, but Segrave does it well. That said, much of the book, while entertaining, does tend to come across somewhat like a list, albeit a detailed one. For example, in the chapter on celebrities and politicians, too much space is taken up telling us that certain actors or officials were bald and proud of it, or bald and ashamed of it, and not enough space is devoted to giving us a greater variety of information about each individual.

When Segrave does give the reader that kind of information, it produces memorable moments, such as Sen. Jake Garn’s comment that “every man is given a certain amount of hormones and if some want to waste theirs growing hair, that’s their business.” The author also gains points for his use of an alternative name for the comb-over: “illusion styling.”

Not unexpectedly, one of the most enjoyable parts of the book is that which deals with bogus causes and cures. While all can sympathize with the desire to understand why one man is bald and another isn’t, it nevertheless is amusing to read the opinion from 1909 of a certain Dr. J. O. Cobb, one of a surprising many who believed that hats caused baldness. Cobb believed specifically that the straw hat was the worst offender in the baldness game. (Why? Because it was easier to blow away, and so a man would force it down on his head harder and tighter, damaging the hair and cutting off circulation to the head.)

Some proponents of “interesting” theories were quite well known. Charles Dickens, for example, argued that thicker, longer beards resulted in baldness, basically because there was only so much hair to go around on the head and growing it on the chin deprived it from growing on the skull.

Arguably the most entertaining theory pertaining to the cause of baldness comes from Dr. Delos Parker, who in 1901 announced that hairlessness was a result of breathing. Not just any breathing, mind you, but abdominal breathing, in which the diaphragm was used to a great extent. His reasoning seems to have been that women, because of their tight corsets, didn’t use their diaphragms as much and therefore retained their hair.

The most depressing chapter in this social history is that titled “Bald Attitude,” which is largely devoted to the negative connotations that are largely applied to baldness by both those who experience it personally on their own crowns and those who judgmentally comment on the crowns of others. It’s no secret that despite advances society still has a tendency to view baldness in fairly negative terms. Segrave doesn’t concentrate solely on the negative, as he provides examples of men (and women) who have positive attitudes toward and experiences of baldness; but overwhelmingly those with a negative opinion are given far more space.

Although the chapter on Rogaine is titled “This Is Not Snake Oil,” Segrave intends that title satirically. By the end of this section, the author lays out numerous examples of the iffy circumstances under which Rogaine produces the desired results and takes joy in stating that the drug has not turned out to be the cash cow it was intended to be, implying that this is because a man who may be missing his hair is not necessarily missing his brain and won’t get taken to the cleaners solely on the off chance that he might grow a little bit of hair.

Baldness: A Social History ends rather abruptly with the Rogaine chapter. One wishes that Segrave had provided a summing-up chapter. At the very least, one would have welcomed a closing quote, to mirror the quotes that open each of the chapters. Since Segrave neglected to do this, I will instead end this review with the amusing quote (from a 1959 issue of Newsweek) that opens chapter 3:

“Say, you know, Irving, your hair is getting thin?”

“So who likes fat hair?”

《迷雾中的罗盘:探寻未知的航向》 内容提要 《迷雾中的罗盘:探寻未知的航向》并非一本探讨个体生理现象或特定社会现象的著作,而是一部深入剖析人类决策、认知偏差与复杂系统演化的跨学科专著。本书以十九世纪末至二十世纪初,全球探险热潮背后的心理动因和信息处理机制为切入点,构建了一个宏大而精微的分析框架。它摒弃了对单一事件或人物的线性叙事,转而聚焦于“不确定性”在历史进程、科学发现以及个人选择中的核心作用。全书结构严谨,论证深入,试图回答一个核心问题:当环境信息高度模糊、未来路径无法预测时,人类的“领航系统”是如何运作,又在何种程度上具有可靠性? 第一部分:模糊时代的黎明——信息的失真与重构 本书的第一部分着重考察了信息环境的剧变如何塑造了早期现代社会的思维模式。作者并非简单回顾历史事件,而是运用认知心理学和信息论的视角,解构了探险家、科学家乃至政治家在获取、过滤和解释原始数据时所面临的挑战。 第一章:来自边缘的低语:经验数据的不可靠性 本章深入分析了“边缘地带”——无论是地理上的偏远地区,还是知识体系的交界处——所产生的观测数据。重点探讨了“观察者效应”在早期科学实践中的微妙体现。作者通过对一系列著名的地理勘测和早期物种分类案例的细致梳理,揭示了工具精度、文化预设以及个体主观能动性如何共同作用,导致原始信息的系统性偏差。例如,书中详细对比了不同探险队对同一片新大陆区域的降雨量记录,展示了即使是看似客观的测量,也深嵌于测量者所处的社会经济背景之中。 第二章:意义的炼金术:从噪音中提取模式 本章转向对人类大脑处理模糊信息的能力进行考察。作者引入了“随机性偏见”的概念,阐释了人类天生倾向于在随机事件中寻找因果链条的心理倾向。通过对早期统计学和概率论发展的考察,本书论证了社会如何在面对“不可知”时,通过创造虚假的确定性来维持运作效率。这里涉及了对早期密码学和信号传输效率的讨论,强调了“噪音”本身作为一种信息载体的可能性。 第二部分:路径的岔口:决策树与意外的涌现 第二部分将分析的焦点从信息的接收转移到行动的制定。它关注的是,在信息不全的情况下,组织或个体如何“选择”一条路线,以及这些选择如何导致系统性的、不可逆转的后果。 第三章:折叠的时间线:预见性与回顾性偏差 本章的核心在于区分“预见性决策”与“回顾性叙事”。作者提出,历史记录往往倾向于将随机的、多分支的可能性压缩成一条清晰的、必然发生的路径。通过对几次重大技术扩散失败案例的剖析,本书展示了决策者在做出选择时所承受的认知负荷,以及事后诸葛亮式的解读如何掩盖了决策点上的真正困境。 第四章:蝴蝶的翅膀与风暴的酝酿:复杂系统的非线性反馈 本章运用非线性动力学原理来审视社会和技术系统的演化。作者构建了一个模型,用以解释微小的初始扰动如何在一个高度互联的系统中引发巨大的、不可预测的宏观变化。案例涉及了早期的跨大西洋电报网络的建设及其对国际金融市场稳定性的意外影响,突显了系统在达到“临界点”时,其行为模式的骤变性。 第三部分:超越地平线:工具、文化与认知的界限 本书的最后一部分试图超越对过去事件的描述,探讨人类理解和驾驭复杂性所依赖的工具箱——无论是物质工具还是心智工具。 第五章:校准的悖论:工具如何重塑我们感知现实 本章探讨了技术中介物(如精密仪器、制图学、早期的计算设备)如何作为感知的延伸,同时也成为了限制感知的牢笼。作者指出,每一种新工具都带来了一种新的“感知范式”,它使某些事物变得清晰可见,却也使其他类型的知识变得隐形。例如,对某一类观测数据的过度依赖,可能会阻碍对非量化现象的深入探究。 第六章:未知的疆域:心智的自我定义与边界扩张 最后,本书回归到最根本的层面:人类心智对“已知”与“未知”的界限划分。作者认为,对未知的探索,本质上是对自身认知边界的一次次试探与重塑。这种探索驱动力并非完全源于实用主义,更深层次上是源于心智对“完整性”的追求,以及对当前认知框架可能存在的盲点的敏感性。本书在结尾处提出,真正的“导航”并非找到一个固定目的地,而是在持续的迷雾中,不断优化和校准我们用以定位自身的罗盘。 总结 《迷雾中的罗盘》是一部旨在挑战读者对“确定性”的依赖的著作。它要求读者以一种审慎和批判的眼光,审视那些被历史塑造成坚实事实的叙事,转而关注信息的不确定性、决策的偶然性以及系统演化的复杂性。本书适用于对历史哲学、认知科学、复杂系统理论以及决策科学感兴趣的读者,它不提供现成的地图,而是教导读者如何在没有地图的情况下,构建自己的导航能力。

作者简介

目录信息

Bald facts and fictions --
hats, ivory domes, razors, and dangerous barbers --
Everything under the sun --
Rubbing, blistering, and electrifying --
Desperately seeking hair --
Wigs and weaving --
Implants --
Transplants, flaps, and scalp reductions --
Celebrities and politicians --
Bald attitude --
This is not snake oil.
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

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这本书的魅力在于它对历史的重构和对民间传说的奇妙融合。它讲述的是一个架空王朝的故事,但其内核却充满了对真实历史中权力运作的深刻洞察。作者没有采用宏大的史诗叙事,而是通过几个不同阶层人物——一个失意的文官、一个身负秘密的刺客、以及一位深居宫中的太后——的视角,来展现朝堂斗争的阴谋诡谲。我最欣赏的是作者构建的那个世界的细节,无论是服饰、礼仪,还是哲学思想,都显得考究而真实,显示了作者在资料搜集上的巨大投入。特别是关于那个神秘教派的描绘,充满了东方奇幻的色彩,将武侠的飘逸与政治的残酷巧妙地结合在一起。情节设计上,反转接连不断,每一次你以为看清了真相时,作者总能抛出新的证据,颠覆你的认知。这本书节奏紧凑,信息量爆炸,读起来让人有种停不下来的感觉,仿佛自己也置身于那刀光剑影的宫廷之中,每一步都如履薄冰。对于喜欢历史架空、权谋斗争以及精妙世界设定的爱好者来说,这是一本不容错过的杰作。

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这是一个极其温馨且感人的成长故事,充满了对童年纯真年代的怀旧与追忆。故事的焦点集中在一个夏日,一群住在同一条街上的孩子,因为一个共同的秘密,建立了一种超越年龄的友谊。作者的笔触极其细腻温柔,擅长捕捉那些稍纵即逝的情感瞬间:比如夕阳下追逐嬉闹的汗水味,比如偷偷分享零食时的那种默契,以及面对成长中第一次分离时的那种懵懂的伤感。这本书的优点在于它对“小”事物的重视,它没有惊天动地的事件,但每一个细节都闪耀着人性的光辉。我特别喜欢作者处理家庭关系的方式,那些不完美的父母,那些充满爱意的唠叨,都显得那么真实可信。阅读这本书的过程,就像是翻看自己旧相册一样,让人忍不住微笑,又偶尔泛起一丝对逝去时光的惆怅。它像一杯温暖的牛奶,在忙碌和喧嚣的生活中,提供了一个完美的避风港。它提醒我们,生命中最珍贵的部分,往往存在于那些最简单、最纯粹的人际连接之中。读完后,感觉心灵被洗涤了一遍,对身边的人和事都多了一份珍惜。

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这本小说读起来真是让人眼前一亮,作者的叙事功力简直是炉火纯青。故事围绕着一个偏远的渔村展开,那里的人们过着日复一日的平静生活,直到一场突如其来的风暴打破了所有的宁静。我尤其喜欢作者对环境细致入微的描写,那咸湿的海风、摇曳的船帆,仿佛都能透过文字扑面而来。主人公的内心挣扎和成长线刻画得极其深刻,他并非传统意义上的英雄,而是一个充满了人性弱点和矛盾的普通人。每一次重大的决定,都伴随着巨大的情感代价,这让角色的真实感倍增。情节推进上,节奏把握得非常到位,张弛有度,既有令人屏息的悬念,也有让人会心一笑的温情瞬间。尽管故事背景设定在这样一个封闭的环境,但探讨的主题却是普世的:关于责任、失去与救赎。书中的配角群像也塑造得非常成功,每个人都有自己鲜明的个性和复杂的背景故事,共同编织了一幅丰富立体的生活画卷。读完之后,心中久久不能平静,那种余韵悠长,让人忍不住想重新翻开书页,去体会那些被自己可能忽略的微妙之处。这绝对是一部值得反复阅读的佳作,它不仅仅是一个故事,更像是一次深入人心的生命体验。

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