A concise, "no-frills" introduction to quantum computation and quantum cryptography for non-experts. Rather than concentrating on stories about scientists and philosophical concepts, Quantum Bits and Quantum Secrets: How Quantum Physics is revolutionizing Codes and Computers provides a step-by-step approach to quantum information. Starting from the idea of quantum cryptography, it presents the basic principles of quantum mechanics and explains how this can be used to make cryptography absolutely secure against eavesdropping. Subsequently, the most important quantum algorithms are explained and technical problems in realizing quantum computers are discussed, followed by a presentation of recent experiments—some of which are found here in a textbook for the first time. Easily accessible for undergraduates and graduates—especially those studying subjects other than physics—who need an introduction to this rapidly developing topic.