For many centuries, Islam was the world's greatest, most open, most enlightened, most creative, most powerful civilisation. And then everything changed, as the previously despised West won victory after victory, first on the battlefield and in the marketplace, then in almost every aspect of public and even private life. Bernard Lewis examines the anguished reaction of the Islamic world as it tried to understand why things had changed, and he provides a fascinating portrait of a culture in turmoil. Some Middle Easterners asked not 'who did this to us?' but 'where did we go wrong?'; while others fastened blame on a series of scapegoats, both internal and external - and the results are very much with us today.
發表於2024-12-26
What Went Wrong? 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載
圖書標籤: 伊斯蘭 culture; 伯納德•劉易斯 中東 東方學 middl history; east
3.5/103 It has come to
評分3.5/103 It has come to
評分3.5/103 It has come to
評分3.5/103 It has come to
評分3.5/103 It has come to
What Went Wrong? 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載