The Logic of Collective Action

出版者:Harvard University Press

作者:Mancur Olson

页数:186

出版时间:1971-1-1

价格:USD 31.50

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780674537514

具体描述

This book develops an original theory of group and organizational behavior that cuts across disciplinary lines and illustrates the theory with empirical and historical studies of particular organizations. Applying economic analysis to the subjects of the political scientist, sociologist, and economist, Mr. Olson examines the extent to which the individuals that share a common interest find it in their individual interest to bear the costs of the organizational effort.

The theory shows that most organizations produce what the economist calls "public goods"--goods or services that are available to every member, whether or not he has borne any of the costs of providing them. Economists have long understood that defense, law and order were public goods that could not be marketed to individuals, and that taxation was necessary. They have not, however, taken account of the fact that private as well as governmental organizations produce public goods.

作者简介

Mancur Lloyd Olson, Jr. (pronounced /ˈmænsər/[1] or /ˈmæŋkər/; January 22, 1932 – February 19, 1998) was a leading American economist and social scientist who, at the time of his death, worked at the University of Maryland, College Park. Among other areas, he made contributions to institutional economics on the role of private property, taxation, public goods, collective action and contract rights in economic development. Olson focused on the logical basis of interest group membership and participation. The reigning political theories of his day granted groups an almost primordial status. Some appealed to a natural human instinct for herding, others ascribed the formation of groups that are rooted in kinship to the process of modernization. Olson offered a radically different account of the logical basis of organized collective action.

读后感

众所周知，梁文道在我心目中，是和余秋雨并蒂的文化奇葩。追根溯源，是因为一次看凤凰卫视，不知聊什么话题，梁文道突然脸一沉，正色道：直到今天，我仍然坚信“全世界无产者联合起来”。说完，他深深凝望了一下摄影机镜头，仿佛在说：看到没有，我才是坚定的马克思主义...  

一、搭便车理论的核心观点以及方法论基础 本书作者奥尔森创造性的在集体行动的研究领域，引入了传统经济学经常强调的个体主义方法论的视角。 传统的社会理论家研究集团行为时总是认为，组织或集团的存在是为了维护其成员的共同利益，而且它们也能有效的做到这一点。而奥尔森从...  

奥尔森教授阐述了一个社会科学研究中的最基本的问题：集体行动会发生吗？传统智慧（加尔布雷斯）认为：集体的存在是为了增进集体的利益，理性的集体成员都会为了集体的利益而行动，也即亚当斯密提到的理性的个人采取行动，达致的结果是社会的共同利益，换言之就是个人理性会导...

用户评价

懂了个大意。寒假前四章要仔细重读。一个观点很赞同：共同利益未必带来集体行动，因为当集体较大时，搭便车行为开始变得显著（说句俏皮话叫做三个和尚没水喝），若无选择性动机(selective incentive)，集体可能无法有效完成行动。Downs(1959)也讨论过类似问题，不过是从理性无知角度探讨的。小利益集团由于获利大，比平均分得利益较少的大集团更具有行动力也通常更有影响力，看爱荷华的农民就是一例，所以Mancur的讨论很有现实意义。同时认为意识形态决定的行为通常无法持久，似乎也有历史支持。是从一个非Huntington角度观察香港示威游行的实践理论机会。哈佛大学Trumbull教授的反驳很有趣，但具有合法溢价的合法联合是否能，在什么情况下能被动员还需看他的书才可再论。

“搭便车”的概念从此深入骨髓

20150510.从经济学出发，帮助解读conflict，挺有新意的。

三个和尚没水喝...

其实是应老师的要求看其中的一章，但是写的还蛮好玩的我就去翻了全书。英文版很棒，读起来一点都不拗口，也没有很多生词XD 说是group，但是没有分析宗教组织哦，不知道是不是因为离理性的假设有些远。附录好看！个人觉得经济部分比政治部分有意思得多……【啊我的周末就这么没有了！