Incompleteness pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025

A masterly introduction to the life and thought of the man who transformed our conception of math forever.

Kurt Gödel is considered the greatest logician since Aristotle. His monumental theorem of incompleteness demonstrated that in every formal system of arithmetic there are true statements that nevertheless cannot be proved. The result was an upheaval that spread far beyond mathematics, challenging conceptions of the nature of the mind.

Rebecca Goldstein, a MacArthur-winning novelist and philosopher, explains the philosophical vision that inspired Gödel's mathematics, and reveals the ironic twist that led to radical misinterpretations of his theorems by the trendier intellectual fashions of the day, from positivism to postmodernism. Ironically, both he and his close friend Einstein felt themselves intellectual exiles, even as their work was cited as among the most important in twentieth-century thought. For Gödel , the sense of isolation would have tragic consequences.

This lucid and accessible study makes Gödel's theorem and its mindbending implications comprehensible to the general reader, while bringing this eccentric, tortured genius and his world to life.

About the series:Great Discoveries brings together renowned writers from diverse backgrounds to tell the stories of crucial scientific breakthroughs—the great discoveries that have gone on to transform our view of the world.

世界上有一些人通過改變世界而改變人類，而另有一些人則通過改變人類的思想而改變世界，哥德爾應該算是後者。他被認為是繼亞裏士多德以後一位最偉大的邏輯學傢，而他發現不完全性定理則是現代思想具有劃時代意義的大事件。曾有評價說，不瞭解哥德爾就不瞭解人類已達到的智力水平與人類智力奮鬥的曆程。應該說，這個評價絕非言過其實。哥德爾和哥德爾的親密朋友愛因斯坦都認為他們是智力的流放者，即使他們的工作被認為是20世紀最重要的思想。在此書中，曾獲麥剋阿瑟學會奬的哲學傢Rebecca Goldstein揭示瞭對於哥德爾的數學具有啓發意義的哲學理論，同時也對那些運用更時髦的哲學理論———這包括從實證主義到後現代理論等而對哥德爾的理論所作的諸般麯解加以分析。作者將哥德爾的理論以盡可能清晰明白的語言加以錶述，並展示瞭這位天纔人物看似古怪的生活世界。