States and Social Revolutions

THEDA SKOCPOL (PhD, Harvard, 1975) is the Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and Sociology at Harvard University. At Harvard, she has served as Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (2005-2007) and as Director of the Center for American Political Studies (2000-2006). In 1996, Skocpol served as President of the Social Science History Association, an interdisciplinary professional group, and in 2002-03, she served as President of the American Political Science Association during the centennial of this leading professional body. In 2007, she was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science for her "visionary analysis of the significance of the state for revolutions, welfare, and political trust, pursued with theoretical depth and empirical evidence." The Skytte Prize is one of the largest and most prestigious in political science and is awarded annually by the Skytte Foundation at Uppsala University (Sweden) to the scholar who in the view of the foundation has made the most valuable contribution to the discipline. Skocpol has also been elected to membership in all three major U.S. interdisciplinary honor societies: the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 1994), the American Philosophical Society (elected 2006), and the National Academy of Sciences (elected 2008).Skocpol's work covers an unusually broad spectrum of topics including both comparative politics (States and Social Revolutions, 1979) and American politics (Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States, 1992). Among her other works are Bringing the State Back In (1985, with Peter Evans and Dietrich Rueschemeyer); Social Policy in the United States (1995); Boomerang: Clinton's Health Security Effort and the Turn Against Government in US Politics (1996); Civic Engagement in American Democracy (1999, with Morris Fiorina); Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life (2003); Inequality and American Democracy: What We Know and What We Need to Learn (2005, with Lawrence R. Jacobs); What a Mighty Power We Can Be: African American Fraternal Groups and The Struggle for Racial Equality (2006, with Ariane Liazos and Marshall Ganz); and The Transformation of American Politics: Activist Government and the Rise of Conservatism (2007, with Paul Pierson). Her books and articles have been widely cited in political science literature and have won numerous awards, including the 1993 Woodrow Wilson Award of the American Political Science Association for the best book in political science for the previous year. Skocpol's research focuses on U.S. social policy and civic engagement in American democracy, including changes since the 1960s. She has recently launched new projects on the development of U.S. higher education and on the transformations of U.S. federal policies in the Obama era.

出版者:Cambridge University Press

作者:Theda Skocpol

页数:420

出版时间:1979-2-28

价格:USD 44.99

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780521294997

图书标签:政治学社会学历史社会学政治社会学HistoricalSociology比较政治政治Revolution

This is a 1979 book by political scientist and sociologist Theda Skocpol, published by Cambridge University Press and explaining the causes of revolutions through the structural functionalism sociological paradigm comparative historical analysis of the French Revolution of 1787 through the early 19th century French Revolution, the Russian Revolution of 1917 through the 1930s Russian Revolution and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 through the 1960s Cultural Revolution. Skocpol argues that these three cases, despite being spread over a century and a half, are similar in the sense that all three were Social Revolutions

Skocpol asserts that Social Revolutions are rapid and basic transformations of a society's state and class structures. This is different from, for example, a mere 'rebellion' which merely involves a revolt of subordinate classes but may not create structural change and from a Political Revolution that may change state structures but not social structures. Industrialization can transform social structure but not change the political structure. What is unique about Social Revolutions, she says, is that basic changes in social structure and political structure occur in a mutually reinforcing fashion and these changes occur through intense sociopolitical conflict.

读后感

斯考切波强调“结构性视角”，既反对此前美国学界流行的把革命原因归结于某种单一意志因素，也反对马克思主义阶级斗争理论的教条倾向。她的核心观点之一是，大规模社会革命是结构性矛盾的产物，换言之是“发生（happen）”的，而不是“制造（make）”出来的。在这种前提下，斯...  

斯考切波强调“结构性视角”，既反对此前美国学界流行的把革命原因归结于某种单一意志因素，也反对马克思主义阶级斗争理论的教条倾向。她的核心观点之一是，大规模社会革命是结构性矛盾的产物，换言之是“发生（happen）”的，而不是“制造（make）”出来的。在这种前提下，斯...  

2016年5月10日 《国家与社会革命》 ……我不能要求一个政治作家是一个作家……然而真的太蛋疼了……什么鬼描述，绝对是普通人看完也全无印象的类型……发现看了三本都是这个蛋疼法。 只能挑感兴趣的章节细读。不然看不进去。 那么少人对政治感兴趣，难道也有这个原因？我想到那...

译者序写得很好，是很好的全书概括，提纲挈领。 本书是第三代革命研究中的代表。第一代革命研究在20世纪初到40年底啊，追寻革命的历史事实，所谓“自然史学派”，描述并总结；第二代试图找寻革命的普适性理论，是二战后到70年代；第三代便是本书，强调结构性视角，从70年代中期...  

用户评价

就思想性来说，还是更喜欢摩尔那本。但这本书更加严谨，影响力也更大。而且前两天才知道，原来Skocpol是我导当年的指导老师之一。。。

definitely classic。Taking a retrospection, It's Skocpol who brought me into the academic world.

definitely classic。Taking a retrospection, It's Skocpol who brought me into the academic world.

所有政治学专攻的学生多少都阅读或者听说过这部著作吧。自己最初接触政治学的时候，此书中文版的译者还恰好在复旦。自然，此书成了课程指定的必读作品（当然，现在也可以想起那时的教育是何等的低劣）。这部作品的方法论的部分，已经是计量和定性分析那场论战当中所反复引用的作品了。从因果推定的稳健性，因果路劲检讨的可靠性，概念与理论形成的妥当性，跨时空与地区比较的适用性和比较政治学议题设置的问题性的角度而言，已经产生了数量庞大的文献。短短数个正面和负面案例的设计能够产生往后如此广泛的影响，大概作者在数十年前写作此书的时候也始料未及吧。此书感觉已经和Waltz在国际政治研究的那部经典有了同等的价值：结构是重要的，在理解行为体的行为之前，重新想一下因果层次的问题。嘛，其实，现在的学生有闲心读读就好吧。

比较历史社会学的开山之作，可以说是提供了新的方法和视野，居功至伟。但是仍然有不少槽点，例如斯考切波过于想要把实证规律镶嵌在宏大叙事中；对“科学性”过于执着的追求导致了历史过程中的种种曲折与异质性被忽视；把史学研究当做给自己搬砖的从而忽视史料，令叙事过于空泛