History of Political Ideas (Volume 3)

出版者:University of Missouri Press

作者:Eric Voegelin

页数:283pages

出版时间:May 1998

价格:$39.95

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780826211545

具体描述

In The Later Middle Ages, the third volume of his monumental History of Political Ideas, Eric Voegelin continues his exploration of one of the most crucial periods in the history of political thought. Illuminating the great figures of the high Middle Ages, Voegelin traces the historical momentum of our modern world in the core evocative symbols that constituted medieval civilization. These symbols revolved around the enduring aspiration for the sacrum imperium, the one order capable of embracing the transcendent and immanent, the ecclesiastical and political, the divine and human. The story of the later Middle Ages is that of the "civilizational schism"—the movement in which not only the reality but the aspiration for the sacrum imperium gradually disappeared and the unification of faith and reason dissolved.

His recognition of this civilizational schism provides Voegelin with a unique perspective on medieval society. William of Ockham, Dante, Giles of Rome, and Marsilius of Padua all emerge in Voegelin's study as predecessors to modern thought; each turns to personal authority and intellectual analysis in an attempt to comprehend the loss of the sacrum imperium as an authoritative ideal. Voegelin is further drawn into investigations that, despite insufficient attention by scholars, still bear relevance to the study of the later Middle Ages. The mysticism apparent in Piers Plowman and the apocalyptic revolt of Cola di Rienzo are merely two reactions to the disintegration of wholeness.

Yet the story of the later Middle Ages does not merely revolve around disintegration. Voegelin recognizes the emergence of the constitutional political tradition as the most positive development of this period. He is at his best when explaining the difference between the presence of a representative institution and the growth of communal consciousness. Voegelin's study of the English political pattern is matched only by his unique perspective on the German imperial zone, culminating in a fitting conclusion on Nicholas of Cusa—the one political thinker with the ability to evoke the unity of mankind beyond fragmentation.

The Later Middle Ages is at once a brilliant examination of the symbols that characterized medieval society and a remarkable predecessor to Voegelin's study of the modern world, beginning with the Renaissance and the Reformation.

作者简介

About the Author

Eric Voegelin (1901-1985) was one of the most original and influential philosophers of our time. Born in Cologne, Germany, he studied at the University of Vienna, where he became a professor of political science in the Faculty of Law. In 1938, he and his wife, fleeing Hitler, emigrated to the United States. They became American citizens in 1944. Voegelin spent much of his career at Louisiana State University, the University of Munich, and the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. During his lifetime he published many books and more than one hundred articles. The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin will make available in a uniform edition all of Voegelin's major writings.

About the Editor

David Walsh is Professor of Politics at the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. He is the author of The Growth of the Liberal Soul and After Ideology: Recovering the Spiritual Foundations of Freedom.

目录信息

D. The Church and the Nations
13. Character of the Period 37
§1. Suspense between the Middle Agres and the Renaissance 37
§2. Shift of Politics to the West 39
§3. The Clash between the Church and the Nations 40
a. Imperial Policy and Foreign Policy
b. The Hierarchy of Powers
14. The Absolue Papacy桮iles of Rome 43
§1. The Unam Sanctam 43
§2. Giles of Rome (Aegidius Romanus) 46
a. The Mysticism of Hugh of Saint Victor
b. The Intellectual and His Will to Power
c. Theory of Power
d. Papal Power
e. The Sacrificium Intellectus
f. Ecclesiastical Totalitariansim
15. French Kingship 54
§1. The Problem of Royal Power 54
§2. Independence from Imperial Power 55
§3. John of Paris� Tractatus de Potestate Regia et Papali 56
§4. Thaumaturgic Kingship 57
§5. Charles of Anjou 59
§6. Pierre Dubois 61
16. Dante 66
§1. The Isolation of the Political Thinker 66
§2. The Separation of Spirit from Politics 68
§3. Spiritual Realism桾he Earthly Paradise 70
§4. Literary Forms and Symbols of Authority 72
§5. The Letters 74
§6. The De Monarchia 74
a. The Universal Intellect: Averroism
b. Intellectual and Hegemonic World Organization
c. The Myth of the Italianità
§7. The Vision of Purgatorio 29-33 78
17. Marsilius of Padua 83
§1. The Beginning of German Constitutional Development 83
§2. The Defensor Pacis 84
§3. The Relation to Artistotle 86
§4. The Organic Analogy 87
§5. The Problem of Intramundane Representative Authority桾he Legislator 88
§6 Limited Government桰talianism 91
§7. Averroist Naturalism 94
§8. The Pars Principans 95
§9. The Plurality of Warring States 96
§10. The Law 97
§11. Christianity and the Church 97
§12. The Esoteric Creed 99
§13. Political Technicism 101
18. William of Ockham 103
§1. A Pattern of Theory桾he Problem of William 103
§2. Nominalism and Fideism 106
§3. Secular Civilization and the Withdrawal of the Church 109
§4. The Last Phase of Franciscan Spiritualism 112
§5. William's Method of Politics 115
§6. Theory of Law 117
§7. The Order of the World and the Order of Poverty 118
§8. The Pope and the Church 120
§9. The Empire 122
§10. Reduction of the Substance to Relations 123
§11. The Power of Ultimate Decision桾he Council 124
§12. Conclusion 125
19. The English National Polity 127
§1. Insularity桝bsence of Disturbing Factors 128
§2. The Integrating Sentiments桾he Magna Carta 131
§3. The Institutions 135
a. The Strength of Royal Power
b. Articulation and Integration of the Body Politic
c. Comparison with Continental Development
d. English Constitutionalism
§4. Symbols 144
§5. Representation 145
a. Defintion
b. The Writs of Summons
c. Representation and Articulation
d. The Realm
§6. Fortescue 155
20. From Imperial to Parochial Christianity 163
§1. The Transformation of the Church Organization 164
§2. The English Reaction 167
§3. Wycliffe桮eneral Character 168
§4. The Regional Spiritual Movements 171
§5. English Spiritualism� Piers Plowman 175
§6. Wycliffe桪octrines 184
21. The Imperial Zone 193
§1. Subimperial Politics 193
a. Imperial and Subimperial Politics
b. The East Frankish Kingdom and Italy
c. The Concentration of Royal Power and the Interregna
d. The Colonization of the East
e. Summary
§2. The Golden Bull 203
a. Charles IV
b. The Form of the Golden Bull
c. State- Imperium and World- Imperium
d. The Electoral College桾he Majority Problem
e. The Oligarchy of the Princes
f. Lupold of Babenberg
§3. The City-States 216
a. The Area of the City-States
b. The Towns and the Feudal World
c. Trade Routes and Food Supply
d. The Fourth Crusade桺ower Distribution in the Eastern Mediterreanean
e. The Organization of the Venetian Conquest
f. Burgundy
g. The Hansa
h. Southwest German Leagues
i. The Swiss Confederation
j. The Internal Structure of the Towns
k. The Constitution of Venice
§4. Cola di Rienzo 233
a. State of the Problem
b. The Letters to the Italian Cities
c. The Tribunus Augustus
d. National and Imperial Sentiments
e. The Emissary of the Fraticelli
f. Spiritual Nationalism and Military Unification
22. The Conciliar Movement 245
§1. The Schism桾he General Councils 245
a. The Schism
b. Conrad of Gelnhausen桯enry of Langenstein
c. The Decree Frequens
d. Nominalism and Jurisdictionalism
§2. Gallicanism桾he National Concordats 252
a. The French National Council of 1398
b. The French National Council of 1406
c. The Concordats
§3. Concordantia Catholica 256
a. Nicholas of Cusa
b. Spiritual Harmony
c. Infinita and Gradualis Concordantia
d. Hierarchical Order
e. The Augmentation of the Corpus Mysticum
f. Nature and Grace
g. Institutional Elaboration
h. The Concordantia of Mankind
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

五一去济南度蜜月旅行，陪老婆逛街之余，在新华书店发现了刘老师主编的这套书，就买了下来，买了四本，花了150多银子，回家从孔网上一查发现多花了一百多，气愤啊！！！！ 我是三流大学毕业的，缺乏正规的学术训练，对于政治学仅仅是个人爱好，因此刚刚读完两个导言，就...

五一去济南度蜜月旅行，陪老婆逛街之余，在新华书店发现了刘老师主编的这套书，就买了下来，买了四本，花了150多银子，回家从孔网上一查发现多花了一百多，气愤啊！！！！ 我是三流大学毕业的，缺乏正规的学术训练，对于政治学仅仅是个人爱好，因此刚刚读完两个导言，就...

五一去济南度蜜月旅行，陪老婆逛街之余，在新华书店发现了刘老师主编的这套书，就买了下来，买了四本，花了150多银子，回家从孔网上一查发现多花了一百多，气愤啊！！！！ 我是三流大学毕业的，缺乏正规的学术训练，对于政治学仅仅是个人爱好，因此刚刚读完两个导言，就...

五一去济南度蜜月旅行，陪老婆逛街之余，在新华书店发现了刘老师主编的这套书，就买了下来，买了四本，花了150多银子，回家从孔网上一查发现多花了一百多，气愤啊！！！！ 我是三流大学毕业的，缺乏正规的学术训练，对于政治学仅仅是个人爱好，因此刚刚读完两个导言，就...

五一去济南度蜜月旅行，陪老婆逛街之余，在新华书店发现了刘老师主编的这套书，就买了下来，买了四本，花了150多银子，回家从孔网上一查发现多花了一百多，气愤啊！！！！ 我是三流大学毕业的，缺乏正规的学术训练，对于政治学仅仅是个人爱好，因此刚刚读完两个导言，就...

用户评价

论及近代早期，也就是启蒙运动的到来，这本书展现出了其最强的分析能力。作者对洛克、卢梭和孟德斯鸠等巨匠的解读，可谓是既经典又充满新意。他们对于自然权利、社会契约和三权分立的阐释，被置于资产阶级兴起和君主专制衰落的大背景下进行审视。我尤其欣赏作者对洛克“保守的革命性”的精辟概括——他如何在维护既有私有财产神圣性的同时，为后来的代议制民主提供了无可辩驳的理论武器。而对于卢梭的“公意”概念，书中给出了极为细致的辨析，清晰地阐明了它与个体自由的张力所在，避免了许多教科书中对此概念的简单化误读。阅读这些内容时，我能真切地感受到，这些思想如何如同滚雪球一般，一步步地将欧洲的政治结构推向革命的边缘。作者的语言在此时变得更加雄辩有力，仿佛在为这些改变世界的思想“加冕”，同时又保持着学术的审慎，让人在赞叹之余，保持清醒的批判性思考。

这本书简直是政治学领域的一部百科全书，我花了整整三个月才勉强啃完，收获之大难以言表。首先，它对古典时期政治思想的梳理，简直是教科书级别的详尽。从柏拉图的理想国构建，到亚里士多德对城邦的细致分类和批判，再到希腊化时期斯多葛学派和伊壁鸠鲁学派对个体伦理与政治的关注，作者的笔触细腻入微，仿佛带领读者亲身回到了那个思想碰撞的黄金时代。尤其让我印象深刻的是，作者并没有将这些思想家视为孤立的个体，而是巧妙地将他们的理论置于当时的社会结构和权力斗争的背景之下进行解读，使得那些古老的文本焕发出了新的生命力。我过去总觉得古典政治哲学有些晦涩难懂，但这本书通过大量生动的历史案例和逻辑清晰的论证结构，成功地将深奥的形而上学思辨转化为可以被现代读者理解和消化的知识体系。读完后，我对“正义”和“良善生活”这两个概念的理解，达到了一个前所未有的深度。它不仅仅是在复述观点，更是在重建一个完整的思想图景，让人不得不佩服作者深厚的学术功底和宏大的叙事能力。

最后，该书在收尾部分对19世纪及20世纪初期的思想流变的处理，极大地拓展了我的视野，特别是对功利主义、德国古典哲学遗产（如黑格尔的后续影响）以及早期社会主义思潮的梳理。作者并没有草草收场，而是深入探讨了这些新思想如何对既有的自由主义范式构成挑战。例如，书中对边沁和密尔功利主义原则在政策制定中的实际应用及其内在矛盾的分析，就相当到位，揭示了“最大多数人的最大幸福”口号背后隐藏的对少数个体权利的潜在侵犯。而当讨论到马克思主义的兴起时，作者的论述风格变得更为克制和结构化，专注于分析其理论对历史观和阶级分析方法的颠覆性贡献，而非陷入意识形态的争论。这种平衡感贯穿全书，使得即便是处理那些充满争议性的思想，作者也能保持一种高屋建瓴的学术姿态，最终为读者提供了一幅完整、复杂且充满张力的现代政治思想全景图，让人意犹未尽，迫不及待想知道后续卷目将如何探讨20世纪中后期的多元化思想图景。

这本书的叙事节奏非常成熟，它在处理文艺复兴和宗教改革时期思想的爆炸性发展时，展现出了一种近乎史诗般的磅礴气势。作者没有让庞大的信息量淹没读者，而是精准地抓住了几个核心冲突点：人文主义者对个体价值的重新发现，马基雅维利对政治现实主义的冷峻剖析，以及宗教改革家们对教会权威的颠覆性挑战。我个人认为，马基雅维利部分的处理尤为精彩，它深入剖析了《君主论》如何成为一门“去道德化”的政治科学的奠基性文本，以及这种观念是如何在后来的专制主义和民族国家构建中发挥作用的。但更令人深思的是，作者随后引入了更温和的政治哲学家，如莫尔和伊拉斯谟，用他们对理想社会和人文教化的坚守，来平衡马基雅维利带来的那种近乎虚无的权力观。这种对立统一的展现，使得读者在理解政治权力的残酷性的同时，也能感受到人类对更美好、更理性社会秩序的永恒追求，两股力量的交织，构成了那个时代思想光谱的全部张力。

读完这本关于政治思想史的巨著，我的感觉就像是完成了一次穿越时空的思想探险。它的精妙之处在于，它绝不仅仅是简单罗列了从某个时期到另一个时期的思想家和他们的主张，而是构建了一条清晰、有机的思想演变脉络。特别是书中对中世纪经院哲学与世俗权力之间复杂拉锯战的分析，简直令人拍案叫绝。托马斯·阿奎那对亚里士多德哲学的基督教化改造，如何为后来的国家主权理论埋下了伏笔，作者用极其巧妙的笔法揭示了这种继承与断裂。我特别喜欢作者在论述中世纪晚期城市自治运动对早期自由主义思想的潜在影响时的那种“考古式”的挖掘，它打破了我们对“现代性”的刻板印象，展示了诸多现代元素其实早已在看似蒙昧的时代中萌芽。这种将思想史与社会经济史紧密结合的处理方式，使得全书的论证极具说服力，不再是漂浮在空中的纯粹思辨，而是扎根于真实的历史土壤之中。每当涉及到复杂的教权与王权之争时，作者的叙述逻辑就显得尤为紧凑和引人入胜，生怕漏掉任何一个关键的转折点。