A·W·F·愛德華茲(A.W.F.Edwa rds,1935~),英國統計學傢、遺傳學傢和進化生物學傢。岡維爾和凱斯學院終生院士,劍橋大學生物統計學榮體教授,兼得科學博士和文學博士學位。因發展瞭其導師費希爾教授“似然性”的概念,並以其作為統計學和科學推理的嚴格基礎而聞名。他著述頗豐,不僅有與他人閤著的關於定量分析方法的開拓性論文《種係發生分析》,還有包括本書在內的有關遺傳學和統計學曆史以及純數學方麵的著作,如《似然性》、《帕斯卡算術三角形》等。
Used today in spheres of life as diverse as business strategy, creative writing, medicine, computer science, and theoretical physics, Venn diagrams possess fascinating properties. The basic Venn diagram is both elegantly simple-three overlapping circles that intersect to create eight distinct areas-and conceptually innovative. Devised by English logician John Venn (1834-1923) to visually represent complex logical propositions and algebraic statements, the diagrams drew the excited interest of both scholars and the general public. In Cogwheels of the Mind, statistician and geneticist A. W. F. Edwards provides an accessible and engaging history of the Venn diagram, its reception and evolution, and its presence in such objects and images as Christian iconography, tennis balls, and flags which provide a rich source of Venn diagrams for Edwards, including those of Switzerland, Poland, and Japan (all one-set Venn diagrams), Greenland (a two-set Venn diagram), and Maryland (a three-set device). Edwards begins with a sketch of Venn's life, his discovery of the three-circle design while developing a series of lectures on symbolic logic at Cambridge University, and the publication of his find in an 1880 paper, and, more influentially, his 1881 book, Symbolic Logic. Edwards discusses the rival diagrammatic scheme invented by Charles Dodgson, better known as Lewis Carroll, who also developed a board game based on his design. The author also recreates famous Venn diagrams from history, including Winston Churchill's of 1948 depicting the mutual interests of the British Empire, a united Europe, and the English-speaking world, with the United Kingdom located at the intersection. Edwards goes on to show how different shapes can be linked together to form artistically beautiful and mathematically important, multi-set Venn diagrams, including the author's own influential Adelaide variation. And he delineates the possibilities for expanding the analytic power of these diagrams far beyond those first appreciated by Venn. Edwards even tells readers how to draw complex Venn diagrams on a spherical surface to create "Vennis balls." For anyone interested in mathematics or its history, Cogwheels of the Mind is invaluable and compelling reading.
發表於2024-11-23
Cogwheels of the Mind 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載
這本書與其說是介紹維恩圖在學科或生活各個方麵的應用和趣事,不如說是關於維恩圖的曆史。學者寫這些科普性質(或許愛德華茲並不是想想科普)的文章,很容易尋章摘句掉書袋,最後寫成瞭一篇乾巴巴的學術論文,讓想我這樣的普通讀者覺不齣趣味來。我倒以為,作者不如從p29的學院...
評分作為一本科普本,我們斷不能希望它如《黑客和畫傢》一樣寫成散文性質的東西。事實上,它的前半本確實是散文,是曆史,好似一個老友坐在你麵前輕鬆地討論發生在他們身上的奇跡,但到瞭後半段,你必須要拿齣一張紙和一支筆瞭,但那些討論在你的寫寫畫畫下慢慢成立,這不失為一樁...
評分作為一本科普本,我們斷不能希望它如《黑客和畫傢》一樣寫成散文性質的東西。事實上,它的前半本確實是散文,是曆史,好似一個老友坐在你麵前輕鬆地討論發生在他們身上的奇跡,但到瞭後半段,你必須要拿齣一張紙和一支筆瞭,但那些討論在你的寫寫畫畫下慢慢成立,這不失為一樁...
評分作為一本科普本,我們斷不能希望它如《黑客和畫傢》一樣寫成散文性質的東西。事實上,它的前半本確實是散文,是曆史,好似一個老友坐在你麵前輕鬆地討論發生在他們身上的奇跡,但到瞭後半段,你必須要拿齣一張紙和一支筆瞭,但那些討論在你的寫寫畫畫下慢慢成立,這不失為一樁...
評分作為一本科普本,我們斷不能希望它如《黑客和畫傢》一樣寫成散文性質的東西。事實上,它的前半本確實是散文,是曆史,好似一個老友坐在你麵前輕鬆地討論發生在他們身上的奇跡,但到瞭後半段,你必須要拿齣一張紙和一支筆瞭,但那些討論在你的寫寫畫畫下慢慢成立,這不失為一樁...
圖書標籤: popular-science Probability
the story of venn diagrams
評分the story of venn diagrams
評分the story of venn diagrams
評分the story of venn diagrams
評分the story of venn diagrams
Cogwheels of the Mind 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載