Political Handbook of the World: 1994-1995 : Governments and Intergovernmental Organizations As of A 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載


Political Handbook of the World: 1994-1995 : Governments and Intergovernmental Organizations As of A

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The effective demise of communism in 1990 and the proper names. Despite a number of international con-<br >fragmentationoftheSoviet Unionin 1991 triggered aseries ferences on the subject, the problem is becoming more.<br >of changes in global politics of unparalleled proportions, rather than less acute, in part because of an increasing<br >With the abrupt end of the Cold War. the potential for tendency toward linguistic "nationalization". Thus cities<br >armed conflict shifted, for the most part, from the in- once known as keopoldvilte. Lourenqo-Marques, and Sal-<br >terstate to the intrastate level, with long simmering aspira- isbury are now styled Kinshasa, Maputo, and Hararc. re-<br >tions for ethnic self-determination erupting in dozens, if spectively, while the former Republic of Upper Volta is<br >not hundreds, of new locations. Fleetingly, it appeared that now Burkina Faso and Burma is Myanm ar; m addition.<br >the United Nations might be able to contain the ethnic throughout the Fhird World (particularly in Africa) Chris-<br >brushfires; instead, it slipped almost imperceptibly from tian given names are commonly- and understandably--<br >the role of peacekeeper into the far more challenging task being abandoned as lingering relics of colonialism. Another<br >of peacemaker, with results that to date have been mixed, problem turns on the use o f foreshortened first names, many<br >at best. In the vanguard of the UN-backed global effort, politicians (particularly in Australasia and the Caribbean~<br >the United States has seemed bewildered as its humani- choosing to be known, for example, as "Bob". rather than<br >tarian gestures are increasingly reviled as acts of unwelcome "Robert", or "Tom", rather than "Thomas", while the Greek<br >intrusion, version of "John" may be rendered fin ascending order of<br > Accompanying the apparent retreat from authoritarian- familiarity) as "loannis". "Yiannis". "Yannis", or "Yanni".<br >ism has been a global proliferation of political parties, With And. of course, US President Truman insisted that his legal<br >communism following fascismintothe dustbin of history, name was "Harry S Truman" rather than "Harry S. Tru-<br >autocrats of varying stripes have become pluralists or have man", since the "S" stood as an abbreviation of nothing.<br >had pluralism thrust upon them. In some cases, however, In rendering proper names based on the Roman alpha-<br >the democratic explosion has given former dictators room bet. we have included relevant diacritics, where known.<br >to maneuver; in others, previously antidemocratic leaders The indexing of Spanish names has been keyed to the pa-<br >have been returned to power by democratic means. The ternal component; in the case of Portuguese names, how-<br >highpoints of hope bracketed by the collapse of the Berlin ever, the increasingly prevalent practice (to which we large-<br >Wallin 1989 and the signing of the lsraeli-Jordanian peace ly adhere) is to key to the terminal component, even if<br >accord in 1994 have also witnessed a near-Malthusian maternal. Insomecases, the"family"nameinthewestern<br >population explosioa tragically curtailed by widespread sense may be rarely, if ever, used, while the given name may<br >famine and untreatable diseases such as AIDS and drug- be foreshortened.<br >resistantTB, theuncertainprospectsofdebt-riddenless- In the transliteration of names derived from non-<br >advantaged economies, and a potentially irreversible deg- Western languages, we have attempted to strike a reason-<br >radation of the earth s environment, able balance between the customary usage of the country<br > In attempting to assess, in highly compressed form, the under treatment and that of the international press. In the<br >past and present politicsoftheglobalcommunity, wecon- rendering of Arabic names, we have attempted to stan-<br >tinue a publishing tradition extending from 1928, when the dardize within individual countries, although regional and<br >Council on Foreign Relations issued A PoliticalHandbook other variations remain across countries. In accordance<br >of the World, edited by Malcolm W, Davis and Walter H. with currently prevailing practice, mainland Chinese names<br >Mallory. Mr. Mallory became the sole editor in 1929 and are given in pinyin, although Wade-Giles and other vari-<br >continued in that capacity until 1968. The present struc- ants are utilized elsewhere. On occasion, consistency must<br >ture of the work is based largely on the format introduced yield to an individual s preference (if known), as, in the case<br >by Richard P. Stebbins and Alba Areola in the 1970 edi- of Greek, choosing between Constantine. Constantinos.<br >tion. Since 1975 the Handbook has been assembled at the or Konstantinos. In some cases (e.g. Burmese and Viet-<br >State University of New York at Binghamton, which, as namese) no distinction is made between "first" and "last"<br >of 1985, also assumed the role of publisher, names; in others (e.g., Indonesian) the name may con-<br > The editors have attempted to make the textual infor- tain only one element, while in some the preferred form<br >mation current as of August 1, 1994. with major develop- of address may be by the given, rather than the family<br >menls through October 1 also being noted (see page iv for component.<br >additional details on calendar coverageJ. In 1989, for the fifth year in a row, no newly indepen-<br > A major problem facing thecompilersofa globalcom- dent territory entered the community of nations, and it<br >peadium turns on the rendering of both geographic and appeared that the post-World War I1 march toward in-<br >

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Political Handbook of the World: 1994-1995 : Governments and Intergovernmental Organizations As of A 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

Political Handbook of the World: 1994-1995 : Governments and Intergovernmental Organizations As of A 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載

Political Handbook of the World: 1994-1995 : Governments and Intergovernmental Organizations As of A 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載



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