How to Solve It

出版者:Princeton University Press

作者:G. Polya

页数:288

出版时间:2004-04-05

价格:USD 18.95

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780691119663

丛书系列:Princeton Science Library

图书标签:思维数学problem-solve思考Mathematics方法论thinking心理学

A perennial bestseller by eminent mathematician G. Polya, "How to Solve It" will show anyone in any field how to think straight. In lucid and appealing prose, Polya reveals how the mathematical method of demonstrating a proof or finding an unknown can be of help in attacking any problem that can be "reasoned" out - from building a bridge to winning a game of anagrams. Generations of readers have relished Polya's deft - indeed, brilliant - instructions on stripping away irrelevancies and going straight to the heart of the problem. In this best-selling classic, George Polya revealed how the mathematical method of demonstrating a proof or finding an unknown can be of help in attacking any problem that can be "reasoned" out - from building a bridge to winning a game of anagrams.Generations of readers have relished Polya's deft instructions on stripping away irrelevancies and going straight to the heart of a problem. "How to Solve It" popularized heuristics, the art and science of discovery and invention. It has been in print continuously since 1945 and has been translated into twenty-three different languages. Polya was one of the most influential mathematicians of the twentieth century. He made important contributions to a great variety of mathematical research: from complex analysis to mathematical physics, number theory, probability, geometry, astronomy, and combinatorics. He was also an extraordinary teacher - he taught until he was ninety - and maintained a strong interest in pedagogical matters throughout his long career.In addition to "How to Solve It", he published a two-volume work on the topic of problem solving, "Mathematics of Plausible Reasoning", also with Princeton. Polya is one of the most frequently quoted mathematicians, and the following statements from "How to Solve It" make clear why: "My method to overcome a difficulty is to go around it." "Geometry is the science of correct reasoning on incorrect figures." "In order to solve this differential equation you look at it till a solution occurs to you."

读后感

作为一名科研工作者，解决问题是我最喜欢也相对擅长的事情，每天总要不断遭遇各种各样问题的挑战，不断思考、时时修正，问题进展顺利时情绪高涨、兴高采烈、信心百倍；进展不顺时垂头丧气、辗转反侧、痛苦煎熬（比如近来^^）。因此在阅读本书中我时不时产生强烈共鸣和惊叹。Pol...  

从小到大我一直有个印象，从事科学事业的总是很牛逼的一类人物，而科学中最能反映一个人智商的便是数学。如果某某数学成绩很好，或得过数学奥赛奖项，某某必定在被同龄孩子贴上一个聪明的标签。所以一直到高中，我心里都隐隐有着做科学家的念头，对于理科专业（特别是数学...  

第一次知道波利亚的《怎样解题》是在大学的师范教育类课程当中，当时只将它作为考点之一记下书名作者和中心内容，并没有详细地去阅读研究，毕业三年后的这个寒假才有机会下定决心把它当成作业来完成。 总的来说，这不是一本教授具体的解题技巧的书，书中没有很多眼花缭乱又精妙...  

第一次知道波利亚的《怎样解题》是在大学的师范教育类课程当中，当时只将它作为考点之一记下书名作者和中心内容，并没有详细地去阅读研究，毕业三年后的这个寒假才有机会下定决心把它当成作业来完成。 总的来说，这不是一本教授具体的解题技巧的书，书中没有很多眼花缭乱又精妙...  

用户评价

无论是小的思维方法， 还是有关数学和物理和工程的哲学上点到为止的讨论，都给人很多启发。薄薄一本，才是how-to书的集大成者。绝对值得结合实践反复阅读

在图书馆抢读的。

只能说大体上通读了一遍，对作者量化问题提出的通用解法印象深刻，虽然不是很确定是不是真的是否可以推广到更宽的范畴中，但至少有了一个很明晰的思路，醍醐灌顶

不仅仅要知道如何使用算法比如分治法、递归法，还要知道这些算法是怎么由数学家想出来的。

绝对好书。如果硬要挑刺，也就是有些形式上的重复；个别条目稍嫌琐碎（譬如Notation）。倘高中生当做英语阅读材料，内外兼修，加持无量。