The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

American historian and philosopher of science, a leading contributor to the change of focus in the philosophy and sociology of science in the 1960s. Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He received a doctorate in theoretical physics from Harvard University in 1949. But he later shifted his interest to the history and philosophy of science, which he taught at Harvard, the University of California at Berkeley, Princeton University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).In 1962, Kuhn published The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which depicted the development of the basic natural sciences in an innovative way. According to Kuhn, the sciences do not uniformly progress strictly by scientific method. Rather, there are two fundamentally different phases of scientific development in the sciences. In the first phase, scientists work within a paradigm (set of accepted beliefs). When the foundation of the paradigm weakens and new theories and scientific methods begin to replace it, the next phase of scientific discovery takes place. Kuhn believes that scientific progress—that is, progress from one paradigm to another—has no logical reasoning. Kuhn's theory has triggered widespread, controversial discussion across many scientific disciplines.

出版者:University Of Chicago Press

作者:Thomas S. Kuhn

页数:264

出版时间:2012-4-30

价格:USD 15.00

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780226458120

图书标签:科学哲学哲学科学史science历史科学英文版科学人文

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A good book may have the power to change the way we see the world, but a great book actually becomes part of our daily consciousness, pervading our thinking to the point that we take it for granted, and we forget how provocative and challenging its ideas once were—and still are. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is that kind of book. When it was first published in 1962, it was a landmark event in the history and philosophy of science. Fifty years later, it still has many lessons to teach.

With The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn challenged long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don’t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation but that the revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of “normal science,” as he called it. Though Kuhn was writing when physics ruled the sciences, his ideas on how scientific revolutions bring order to the anomalies that amass over time in research experiments are still instructive in our biotech age.

This new edition of Kuhn’s essential work in the history of science includes an insightful introduction by Ian Hacking, which clarifies terms popularized by Kuhn, including paradigm and incommensurability, and applies Kuhn’s ideas to the science of today. Usefully keyed to the separate sections of the book, Hacking’s introduction provides important background information as well as a contemporary context. Newly designed, with an expanded index, this edition will be eagerly welcomed by the next generation of readers seeking to understand the history of our perspectives on science.

读后感

好的方面先不说了，个人有以下四点拙见： 1. 作者在论述中有自己的态度：相对赞成科技革命，而反对保守旧式。因而在对其论述中有明显的倾向性，这点在标题里没有体现出来。标题起得大而泛。 2. 想阐述的观点没有一个明晰的纲要，比如谜、反常、危机三点之间的性质，明明是有关...  

常在自然科学、社会科学当中看到范式一词，那么范式究竟是什么意思呢？本文旨在探讨自然科学中范式的概念。 最早提出自然科学提出范式一词的人是科学哲学家托马斯·库恩（Thomas Kunn) 提出并在《科学革命的结构》(The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)（１９６２）中系...  

上一次认真读科学哲学，应该是十多年前的事情了，那时候还在大学。喜欢科学哲学，则更早，应该是中学。中学的时候，我们年级喜欢科学哲学的不只我一个，有那么一个小团体，被爱因斯坦的相对论以及玻尔的量子力学所吸引，看到了简洁美，也看到争论背后的玄妙。说小团体，其实不...  

前言：我作为一个业余逼格提升爱好者，杂七杂八地读了一些科学哲学文章，并粗略地通读了托马斯•库恩的里程碑式著作《科学革命的结构》。恰逢所里也有人对此也有兴趣，姑且写点自己对这本书的理解，权当抛砖引玉。文中难免有偏颇疏漏之处，大家见谅。 托马斯•库恩所著...  

用户评价

观点值得学习，但是这文字读着实在让人难受

不記得上一次讀是什麼時候了。這次重讀的幾個小亮點：1）最後一章引了一次Art and Illusion; 2) 儘管在論點上有不少類似之處，《物種起源》直到最後一章才出現; 3) Hacking簡介里對於"paradigm"的前世今生的討論蠻有趣的 。

Pretty much ruined my interest to philosophy as a layman.

本书叙事宏大，干货很少，适合搞科学且不大读哲学的人，反之不适合

开始的步步坚定到最后一章全面围攻，关于科学神秘客观又直线进步的神秘面纱被整个扯下，只留着一个“不知道目标的进化过程”稍可安慰。不可通约性需要小心界定，以及要读读polanyi看看两个人说的有多像了。