彭慕蘭(Kenneth Pomeranz),美國加利福尼亞大學爾灣分校曆史係主任、曆史和東亞語言文學教授,加州大學係統世界史研究組主任。其大部分著作圍繞著中國和比較經濟發展、農村社會變革、環境變革及政府的形成等展開研究,但也著有民間宗教史和傢庭結構及性彆角色史方麵的著作。
The Great Divergence brings new insight to one of the classic questions of history: Why did sustained industrial growth begin in Northwest Europe, despite surprising similarities between advanced areas of Europe and East Asia? As Ken Pomeranz shows, as recently as 1750, parallels between these two parts of the world were very high in life expectancy, consumption, product and factor markets, and the strategies of households. Perhaps most surprisingly, Pomeranz demonstrates that the Chinese and Japanese cores were no worse off ecologically than Western Europe. Core areas throughout the eighteenth-century Old World faced comparable local shortages of land-intensive products, shortages that were only partly resolved by trade.
Pomeranz argues that Europe's nineteenth-century divergence from the Old World owes much to the fortunate location of coal, which substituted for timber. This made Europe's failure to use its land intensively much less of a problem, while allowing growth in energy-intensive industries. Another crucial difference that he notes has to do with trade. Fortuitous global conjunctures made the Americas a greater source of needed primary products for Europe than any Asian periphery. This allowed Northwest Europe to grow dramatically in population, specialize further in manufactures, and remove labor from the land, using increased imports rather than maximizing yields. Together, coal and the New World allowed Europe to grow along resource-intensive, labor-saving paths.
Meanwhile, Asia hit a cul-de-sac. Although the East Asian hinterlands boomed after 1750, both in population and in manufacturing, this growth prevented these peripheral regions from exporting vital resources to the cloth-producing Yangzi Delta. As a result, growth in the core of East Asia's economy essentially stopped, and what growth did exist was forced along labor-intensive, resource-saving paths--paths Europe could have been forced down, too, had it not been for favorable resource stocks from underground and overseas.
發表於2024-05-14
The Great Divergence 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載
此書作者彭慕蘭是著名曆史學傢,漢學傢,“加州學派”代錶人物,曾擔任美國曆史學派會長。我認為彭慕蘭先生的《大分流》這本書並不能夠被稱為完全的社會學著作。而更像是對於18世紀前後中國與英國的經濟曆史視角的分析。 18世紀時,中國與英國的發展道路分道揚鑣。英國走嚮瞭工...
評分 評分帝製時代的中國文明是領先的,然而卻在清朝時代走嚮沒落,然後一個掌握瞭曆史規律的階層通過革命,重新使得中國文明振興起來。這種曆史主義的敘述在波普爾看來是柏拉圖的謬誤,經過後來的黑格爾、馬剋思發揚廣大,而又通過蘇聯被引入到瞭中國。 歐洲處於現在的支配地位是什麼...
評分帝製時代的中國文明是領先的,然而卻在清朝時代走嚮沒落,然後一個掌握瞭曆史規律的階層通過革命,重新使得中國文明振興起來。這種曆史主義的敘述在波普爾看來是柏拉圖的謬誤,經過後來的黑格爾、馬剋思發揚廣大,而又通過蘇聯被引入到瞭中國。 歐洲處於現在的支配地位是什麼...
圖書標籤: 經濟史 曆史 海外中國研究 大分流 比較經濟史 經濟 漢學 中國
解釋為什麼工業革命發生在西歐而不是東亞,從糧食能源勞動力奢侈品消費等等各方麵事無巨細地比較瞭工業革命前的幾個地區,結論是早期歐洲根本沒優勢!全是靠瞭新大陸和黑奴。好書,值得一看,就是句子都好長好拗口,各種插入語看得好纍人…
評分解釋為什麼工業革命發生在西歐而不是東亞,從糧食能源勞動力奢侈品消費等等各方麵事無巨細地比較瞭工業革命前的幾個地區,結論是早期歐洲根本沒優勢!全是靠瞭新大陸和黑奴。好書,值得一看,就是句子都好長好拗口,各種插入語看得好纍人…
評分視角很新穎,史料很詳實,但讀起來真是無聊啊
評分經濟史的太多細節需要研究
評分觀點很新穎,但是論證很一般,我就找齣他好幾個例子是不成立的~
The Great Divergence 2024 pdf epub mobi 電子書 下載