戴·赫·勞倫斯，（David Herbert Lawrence，1885～1930）英國詩人、小說傢、散文傢。齣生於礦工傢庭，當過屠戶會計、廠商雇員和小學教師，曾在國內外漂泊十多年，對現實抱批判否定態度。他寫過詩，但主要寫長篇小說，共有10部，最著名的為《虹》（1915）、《愛戀中的女人》（1921）和《查太萊夫人的情人》（1928）。

勞倫斯生於1885年。父親是礦工，缺少教育；母親齣身上流社會，有良好的修養。這種文化上的差異，使他們經常吵吵鬧鬧。但這種差異使勞倫斯從父親那裏得到瞭豐富的社會經驗，從母親那裏至高無上的關懷。也許是母親過分溺愛，勞倫斯有嚴重的戀母情結。他在給朋友的信中說：“我們相互愛著，幾乎像丈夫跟妻子那樣的愛，同時又是母親與兒子的愛。我們倆就像一個人，彼此那樣敏感，我們之間不要語言。這挺可怕，弄得我有些方麵不正常。”

勞倫斯是最富想象力的作傢，他如不過早地逝世，肯定會有更驚世的作品問世，也許更會被列為禁書。

《兒子與情人(Sons and Lovers)》是勞倫斯以他的童年和青少年時代生活為藍本而寫成的一部成名作。小說主人公保羅的父母莫瑞爾夫婦在一次舞會上一見鍾情，締結婚姻。但莫瑞爾是礦工，而莫瑞爾太太齣身中産階級。兩人的生活理念截然不同，妻子麵對丈夫的渾渾噩噩，深感希望破滅。對丈夫的失望、不滿和怨恨使莫瑞爾太太把自己的感情和希望都傾注到兒子身上。她先是寄希望於長子威廉，然而長子早逝。她又寄希望於次子保羅，希望他能夠齣人頭地，實現她的理想。她愛兒子，鼓勵他成名成傢，躋身於上流社會；她又從精神上控製兒子，使他不能鍾情於彆的女人。這使得保羅在以後的感情問題上迷茫、睏惑、無所適從。和女友米莉安的交往使年輕的保羅經曆瞭精神痛苦的過程。然而和他的母親一樣，米莉安也試圖從精神上占有保羅，使保羅感到窒息。後來他們分手瞭。保羅身邊還有一個與丈夫分居的名叫剋拉拉的女人。保羅從她那裏得到瞭肉體上的滿足。不過最終剋拉拉結束瞭和保羅的感情生活，迴到丈夫身邊。最後莫瑞爾太太病逝，保羅和米莉安也未能重歸於好。他依舊孑然一人，四處漂流，繼續著他精神上的掙紮。

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This semi-autobiographical novel explores the emotional conflicts through the protagonist, Paul Morel, and the suffocating relationships with a demanding mother and two very different lovers. It is a Freudian exploration of love and possessiveness.

Amazon.com

Sons and Lovers was the first modern portrayal of a phenomenon that later, thanks to Freud, became easily recognizable as the Oedipus complex. Never was a son more indentured to his mother's love and full of hatred for his father than Paul Morel, D.H. Lawrence's young protagonist. Never, that is, except perhaps Lawrence himself. In his 1913 novel he grappled with the discordant loves that haunted him all his life--for his spiritual childhood sweetheart, here called Miriam, and for his mother, whom he transformed into Mrs. Morel. It is, by Lawrence's own account, a book aimed at depicting this woman's grasp: "as her sons grow up she selects them as lovers--first the eldest, then the second. These sons are urged into life by their reciprocal love of their mother--urged on and on. But when they come to manhood, they can't love, because their mother is the strongest power in their lives."

Of course, Mrs. Morel takes neither of her two elder sons (the first of whom dies early, which further intensifies her grip on Paul) as a literal lover, but nonetheless her psychological snare is immense. She loathes Paul's Miriam from the start, understanding that the girl's deep love of her son will oust her: "She's not like an ordinary woman, who can leave me my share in him. She wants to absorb him." Meanwhile, Paul plays his part with equal fervor, incapable of committing himself in either direction: "Why did his mother sit at home and suffer?... And why did he hate Miriam, and feel so cruel towards her, at the thought of his mother. If Miriam caused his mother suffering, then he hated her--and he easily hated her." Soon thereafter he even confesses to his mother: "I really don't love her. I talk to her, but I want to come home to you."

The result of all this is that Paul throws Miriam over for a married suffragette, Clara Dawes, who fulfills the sexual component of his ascent to manhood but leaves him, as ever, without a complete relationship to challenge his love for his mother. As Paul voyages from the working-class mining world to the spheres of commerce and art (he has fair success as a painter), he accepts that his own achievements must be equally his mother's. "There was so much to come out of him. Life for her was rich with promise. She was to see herself fulfilled... All his work was hers."

The cycles of Paul's relationships with these three women are terrifying at times, and Lawrence does nothing to dim their intensity. Nor does he shirk in his vivid, sensuous descriptions of the landscape that offers up its blossoms and beasts and "shimmeriness" to Paul's sensitive spirit. Sons and Lovers lays fully bare the souls of men and earth. Few books tell such whole, complicated truths about the permutations of love as resolutely without resolution. It's nothing short of searing to be brushed by humanity in this manner.

　--Melanie Re

From Kirkus Reviews

When Sons and Lovers was first seen by its reading public in 1913, its publishers had in fact, out of caution and timidity, shortened Lawrence's originally submitted version by about ten percent--cuts that are restored in this new "uncensored and uncut" edition. Complexity of characterization, intensity of characters' confrontations, and sexual frankness are now, say the publishers, as the author intended them. Example: "He could smell her faint perfume" returns to its original, "He could smell her faint natural perfume, and it drove him wild with hunger."

The Merriam-Webster Encyclopedia of Literature

Semiautobiographical novel by D.H. Lawrence, published in 1913. His first mature novel, it is a psychological study of the familial and love relationships of a working-class English family. The novel revolves around Paul Morel, a sensitive young artist whose love for his mother, Gertrude, overshadows his romances with two women: Miriam Leivers, his repressed, religious girlfriend, and Clara Dawes, an experienced, independent married woman. Unable to watch his mother die slowly of cancer, Paul kills her with morphine. Despite losing her and rejecting both Miriam and Clara, Paul harbors hope for the future.

From AudioFile

Lawrence's first major novel is unstintingly, passionately autobiographical. Set in a Nottinghamshire mining town, it concerns the high-minded wife of a brutal miner who puts all hopes into her artistic son, Paul. Copley brings the workingclass milieu to life. His north country accent enhances the author's regional "sound," which may not be apparent on the page to American readers, but which is a prominent feature of the book's aesthetic. By shaving off a bit too much of the color, the abridgment reinforces the novel's starkness. Therefore, one should hear this recording before, not instead of, reading the full work. Y.R.

Book Dimension :

length: (cm)19.8 width:(cm)12.6

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兒子與情人(全譯本)